作業

以下的作業是舉例說明與課堂相對應的研讀問題：

The following assignment is an example of the study questions that correspond to each lecture. 

1. 中國農業改革的「跨國經驗」是什麼？換言之，有沒有普遍性的經驗，可以應用到其他國家？是否高估了產權明晰對經濟成長的影響？也或許是自由化－亦即減少無效率的政府干預－導致了成長？為何中國的農業改革會有效？會有效到何種程度？
What are the "ex country" lessons of China's agricultural reforms? In other words, are there any generalizable lessons that can be applied to other countries? Is the lesson that clear property rights are overrated as driver of growth? Alternatively, is the point that liberalization - lifting the chains of inefficient govt intervention - the clearest path to growth in developing countries? Why were China's agricultural reforms effective, and to what extent really were they effective?

2. 什麼樣的政策「模式」使得中國的農業改革得以進行？如何理解中國所謂一種結合經驗主義與漸進主義的改革模式？它是實用主義或只是「摸著石頭過河」？
What was the policy "style" that allowed agricultural reform to proceed? Is there anything to the idea that China developed a particular form of experimentalism and incrementalism. Was this pragmatism or just "muddling through."

3.鄉鎮企業的發展其背後最重要的理由是什麼？其次，在此過程中，有什麼值得一提的跨國經驗嗎？是所謂地方國家統合主義，即國家的干預對鄉鎮企業的發展是必要與有效的呢？或是剩餘勞力使然？還是無關中國特殊的政策干預，而僅僅是一般工業化過程的必然結果？

What is the most important reason behind the development of TVEs? Again, what are the "ex country" lessons to be drawn from this? Is the point that state intervention necessary and useful, a la local state corporatism? Or, is the point that surplus labor is essential, and that TVE growth signifies a normal process of industrialization that would have happened regardless of China's particular policy interventions.

4.鄉鎮企業真的呈現出另一種產權形式嗎？這種形式如何維繫下去？如何解釋九0年代鄉鎮企業的轉型與私人部門的成長？
Do TVEs really represent an alternative property rights form? How sustainable is this form? What accounts for the transformation of TVEs and the growth of the private sector in the 1990s?