作業

在波士頓地區找一個基地進行案例分析

Investigating a Site in the Boston Region

城市本身將提供給你比本學期任何研究資料更豐富的內容。利用舊地圖、印刷品和照片，但主要還是自己的眼睛和頭腦，如此你將有機會用課程中學到的知識去“解讀”所選擇的研究地點。貫穿本學期的案例分析專案分為五部分；作業長度二到六頁不等，總共約為二十六頁。前四份作業之一必須經過修訂再次提交；每名學生在與寫作導師討論後將擇一作業進行修訂和再次提交。在遞交日期和得到分數之間，學生不可改動作業。在得到作業分數之後，可自由修訂。

The city itself provides a text richer than any other you will read this semester. Using old maps, prints, and photographs, but primarily your own eyes and mind, you will have the opportunity to apply the knowledge gained in the course to "reading" a site of your choosing. This semester-long project will be due in five parts; the assignments vary in length from two to six pages, a total of approximately twenty-six pages. One of the first four assignments must be revised and resubmitted; each student, in consultation with the writing tutor, will choose the assignment to revise and resubmit. Students may not make changes to an assignment between the submission date and receipt of grade. After receiving your grade for an assignment, you are free to revise.

每份作業都要在與課程網站相鏈結的個人網站上發佈。

Each assignment will be posted to your website, which will be linked to the class website.


作業1：選擇案例分析基地
Assignment 1: Select a Site

描述你的研究點，並思索它為什麼吸引你。該地點提出什麼樣的問題是你希望在本學期找出解答？作業長度需相當於兩頁打印紙，並附地圖。

Describe your site and reflect on why it interests you. What questions does the place raise for which you hope to find answers this semester? The text should be equivalent to approximately two typed pages, accompanied by a map.

選擇研究基地

Select a Site

你的研究基地可以是波士頓的任一地點，但須是你能在一學期時間內都可以多次便捷可達的地方。應包含四到八個街區。理想上，應包含一種以上土地使用類型。並且應是能激發你好奇心的地方。思索它為什麼吸引你，你為什麼會對它著迷。該地點提出什麼樣的問題讓你希望在本學期中找到答案？

Your site can be anywhere in Boston, but should be a place you can easily visit from time to time throughout the semester. It should be between four and eight blocks. Ideally, it should include more than one type of land use. And it should be a place which intrigues you. Reflect on why it interests you, why you are drawn to it. What questions does the place raise, for which you hope to find answers this semester?

總體而言，研究地點越具有多樣性，隨時間發展它就應該越有趣。但這並不是一個牢靠不變的規則。舉個例子，如果你在波士頓鬧市區選擇一個研究基地，那麼該地點的使用可能全都是與商業相關的，但發展過程仍會非常有趣。

Generally, the more diversity your site has, the more interesting its development over time is likely to be. This is not a hard and fast rule. If you pick a site in downtown Boston, for example, the uses may be all commercial, but the development over time will still be very interesting.

土地使用意味著一種使用類型，比如居住型（獨棟家庭住宅，公寓），商業型（商店，辦公室，電影院），工業型，公共組織型（學校，醫院，教堂，郵局），娛樂型（公園，操場，高爾夫球場）。兩種不同的土地使用可能是同一使用類型的兩種不同類（獨立家庭住宅與公寓），也可能指兩種完全不同的使用類型（居住型與商業型）。

A land use means a type of use, for example residential (single family homes, apartments), commercial (stores, offices, movie theaters), industrial, institutional (schools, hospitals, churches, post office), recreation (park, playground, golf course). Two different land uses could mean two different kinds of the same use (single family homes and apartments) or it could mean two different kinds of use altogether (residential and commercial).

本項作業的長度應大約相當於兩頁紙，並必須附有標有基地範圍的地圖。

The text for this assignment should be equivalent to about two pages, and must be accompanied by a map of the location with the boundaries of your site indicated.

將作業發佈於個人網站，並給我E-Mail地址。遲交將被扣分。沒有導師事先書面許可不得延期。

Post the assignment online on your website and email the address to me. Late submissions will receive a reduction in grade. There will be no extensions without prior, written, consent of the instructor.

瀏覽課程網站，並在課前閱讀關於同學們選擇的研究點的資料。我們將在課堂上檢視和討論這些研究點。

Visit the course website and read about your classmates' selections before class. We will review and discuss the sites in class.


作業2：基地歷史分析
Assignment 2: Your Site Through Time

利用不同類型的資源，比較多個時間點的特徵，來查考你的基地隨著時間所造成的變化。你找到了哪些變化？如何描述它們的特性？這些變化是逐步發生的還是突然出現的？同一段時期的變化是否有關聯性？不同時期的又如何？你能否找出變化的模式？你所發現的變化應該可以如何解釋？它們是個人行為的產物還是受到廣泛力量的影響（社會、文化、政治、經濟，或者地方性的、地區性的、全國性、乃至全球範圍的自然進程和條件，政策，事件，技術變革）？文章長度應相當於大約六頁打印紙，並附上圖例。

Trace changes over time on your site by comparing its character at several points in time, using different types of sources. What changes do you find? How would you characterize them? Are the changes gradual or do they seem to happen suddenly? Do changes within a time period seem related? How about from one time to another? Can you find patterns in the changes? What might explain the changes you found? Were they merely an outcome of actions by individuals or do they reflect broader forces (social, cultural, political, economic, or natural processes and conditions at local, regional, national, or global scales; policies; events; technological changes)? The text should be equivalent to approximately six typed pages, accompanied by illustrations.

基地歷史分析

Your Site Through Time

這是本學期案例分析專題作業中五部分的第二部分。第一份作業是找尋研究點基地。現在的任務是利用不同類型的資源，比較多個時間點的特徵，來查考研究點隨時間的變化。你可能會發現多種變化：土地利用，居住密度，建築物增建，所有權，交通運輸。可能會對你有用的資料包括19世紀、20世紀的地圖集；老地圖，規劃圖，印刷品和照片。

This is the second part of a five-part, semester-long project. The first assignment was to find a site. Now the task is to trace changes on your site over time by comparing its character at several points in time, using different types of sources. You may find different kinds of changes: land use, density of settlement, additions to buildings, ownership, transportation. The types of sources you will find helpful may include nineteenth- and twentieth-century atlases; old maps, plans, and prints; and photographs.

以在不同時期的多份地圖集上標出研究基地的方式來開始研究。除了現況圖外；應至少有三份不同時期的地圖，其中至少有一份是19世紀的。通過對不同時期研究基地的比較，你會發現一些時期的變化要比另一些時期的更有意義。記錄你認為重要或有趣的變化。你可能會想將基地範圍偏移一個街廓或將基地放大縮小以納入你所發現的有趣的素材，或稍微擴大或縮小研究地點來輕微修改研究點。不過最終的研究基地應具有四到八區街廓。

Start your investigation by locating your site on maps in several atlases of different dates. Include at least three different time periods in addition to the present, including at least one from the nineteenth century. By comparing your site at different times, you are likely to find that changes between some dates are more significant than others. Record the changes you think are important or interesting. You may want to modify your site slightly by shifting it a block or so to include interesting material that you have found or to make the site a bit larger or smaller. The site you end up with should contain four to eight blocks.

描述你所發現的東西，你確定的原因和你的推斷。文本長度大約相當於六頁打印紙，並有圖例（不要忘了列出每個圖例的出處！）。重點放在最重要和有趣的事物上；尋找當中的模式。不要試圖涵蓋所有方面。這是一項可以佔用你整個學期的作業。作業的目的是讓你能判別城市如何隨時間而轉變，激勵你提問原因，並探尋答案。

Describe what you have found, the causes you have identified, and your reasoning. The text should be equivalent to about six typed pages, accompanied by illustrations (don't forget to list the source of each illustration!). Focus on what seems most significant and interesting; look for patterns. Don't try to cover everything. This is an assignment that could occupy you for an entire semester. The objective of the assignment is to give you a sense of how cities change over time, to prompt you to question why, and to search for answers.

成功的論文是條理清晰的，為每一點列舉具體例子，在文中給出例證，為必要的文字加上索引，並附圖例。在組織論文時，將重點放在你所發現的變化類型及其引出的重要問題；考慮使用副標題來強調關鍵點。仔細選擇例子，要詳細且有意義，並能論述你所發現的變化類型。圖例（地圖、印刷品、照片的拷貝）應與你的推論清晰相關，品質重要於數量。應附上一份標有研究點範圍的地圖。不要忘了列出每個圖例的出處。

Successful papers are well organized, cite specific examples to make each point, put examples in context, make reference to required texts, and are illustrated. In organizing your paper, focus on the patterns of change you found and the important issues they raise; consider using subheadings to highlight your key points. Choose your examples carefully. They should be specific and significant, illustrative of the patterns of change you found. Illustrations (copies of maps, prints, photographs) should be apt and clearly linked to your reasoning; quality is important, not quantity. Include a map identifying the boundaries of your site. Do not forget to list the source of each illustration.

立刻開始進行本項作業。在開始思索變化及其可能的原因前，應先在舊地圖上找出研究基地。地圖收藏室有自己的開放時間，並不一定在圖書館其他部分同時開放。要留給給自己充足的準備時間。

Start on this assignment right away. It requires finding your site on old maps before you can even begin to puzzle out the changes and their possible causes. Map collections often have their own hours and may not always be open when the rest of the library is. Leave yourself plenty of time.

收錄用來分析研究基地變化的圖例拷貝非常重要。如果利用微縮膠片地圖集，那麼很容易製作拷貝品。如果使用的是不能在影印機上複印的裝訂地圖集，應臨摹作圖或拍照。

It is important to include copies of the illustrations used to analyze the changes on your site. If you use the atlases on microfilm, copies are easily made. If you use bound atlases, which may not be reproduced on a copy machine, you may need to make drawn copies or photograph them.

在個人網頁上發佈作業。遲交將被扣分。沒有導師事先書面許可不得延期。

Post the assignment on your home page. Late submissions will receive a reduction in grade. There will be no extensions without prior, written, consent of the instructor.

資源
Sources

1.找到研究基地地圖並作標注。這對你作業的摘要與條列說明會有幫助。現今的波士頓再開發局地圖可在波士頓市政廳找到。其他城市（如劍橋和Somerville）的地圖，可向當地規劃署查詢。

1. Getting a map of your site to make notes on. This is useful for taking notes on and for illustrating points in your paper. Current Boston Redevelopment Authority maps are available at Boston City Hall. For other cities, like Cambridge and Somerville, you should check with the local planning commission.

2.在19世紀和20世紀的地圖集中找出你的研究基地。麻省理工學院Rotch圖書館有大量可以查閱甚至拷貝的地圖集。也許在麻省理工學院的收藏中不能找到所有需要的地圖，那麼在波士頓地區還有其他資源，例如波士頓公共圖書館，劍橋公共圖書館以及Pusey圖書館的哈佛大學地圖收藏室。

2. Finding your site in the nineteenth- and twentieth-century atlases. MIT's Rotch Library has numerous atlases that you may consult and even copy. You probably will not find all the maps you need in the MIT collection, and there are other sources in the Boston region, such as the Boston Public Library, the Cambridge Public Library, and the Harvard Map Collection in Pusey Library.

地圖集：G. M. Hopkins（19世紀）；Bromley（19世紀及20世紀初期）；Sanborn（大部分為20世紀）。

Atlases: G. M. Hopkins (nineteenth century); Bromley (nineteenth and early twentieth century); Sanborn (mainly twentieth century).

其他圖書館

Other Libraries

先查訪Rotch圖書館的資源然後再訪問其他圖書館。這樣你豐富的知識與已將麻省理工學院可用資源耗盡的研究態度將可獲得他館圖書管理員的欣賞。注意地圖室開放時間：通常地圖收藏區並不是在圖書館所有開放時間都開放。據此安排查訪時間。

Explore the resources of the Rotch Library before visiting other libraries. Librarians will appreciate that you are knowledgeable and have already exhausted the resources at MIT. Note hours: map collections frequently are not open during all library hours. Plan your time accordingly.


作業3：你的研究基地與自然進程
Assignment 3: Your Site and Natural Processes

尋找研究基地的環境歷史和正在進行的自然進程的證據。本項作業的目標是探索自然進程是如何隨時間來塑造城市的。文本長度應相當於約六頁打印紙，並附圖例。

Find evidence on your site of its environmental history and ongoing natural processes. The objective of this assignment is to discover how natural processes shape cities over time. The text should be equivalent to approximately six typed pages, accompanied by illustrations.

你的研究基地與自然進程

Your Site and Natural Processes

這是本學期案例分析專題作業中五部分的第三部分。第一部分包括確立一個研究基地，第二部分是查考研究基地隨時間的變化。現在的任務是尋找研究基地的環境歷史和正在進行的自然進程的證據。目標是透過對於基地及其環境的檢驗；來探索自然進程如何塑造出城市。

This is the third part of a five-part, semester-long project. The first part consisted of finding a site, the second of tracing changes on the site over time. Now the task is to find evidence on your site of its environmental history and ongoing natural processes. The objective, through the examination of your site and its context, is to explore how natural processes shape cities.

課堂講稿和指定讀物會對定義和思索自然進程是如何塑造並繼續塑造研究基地很有幫助；迄今為止，你應當已經閱讀過《特寫：如何解讀美國城市》，並讀完了《花崗岩花園》。

Lecture notes and required readings will be helpful in identifying and thinking about how natural processes have shaped and continue to shape your site; by now, you should have read Close-Up: How to Read the American City and should finish reading The Granite Garden.

在早期波士頓地圖上標出研究基地的開始進行你的研究；就像在課堂上展示過的一樣（其中許多在John Reps的《美國城市的形成》中可找到 ；其他書中也有很多）。這些地圖是否描述了任何在你的研究基地上所具獨有的自然特徵？這些特徵可能是河流或小溪，池塘，小山，峽谷。如果有的話，這些特徵（或缺乏這些特徵）對研究基地的居住行為是否有影響？將基地所在與波士頓自然特徵的關聯進行一個整體性的研究。 根據你在上一份作業所學到的基地歷史發展，你是否認為這種自然環境影響了基地歷史發展？

Start your investigation by locating your site on early maps of Boston, such as those shown in lectures (several of these are depicted in John Reps, The Making of Urban America; many can be found in other books). Do these maps depict any natural features on your site itself? These may include rivers or streams, ponds, hills and valleys. If so, did these features (or the absence of them) influence the settlement of your site? Examine your site's location in relation to the natural features of Boston as a whole. Given what you learned about the development of your site in the last assignment, do you think this context influenced that development?

在你的基地上走走，找尋這裡成為城市之前的地景：例如地形或水源特徵。也別忘了要找找空氣、土地、水和生命這些正在進行中的自然程序徵象（例如，光和風；水流和侵蝕；植物生長和動物運動）。這些如何與在課堂和《花崗岩花園》中討論過的某些環境問題相關？製作標有觀察筆記的研究基地地圖。

Take a walk through your site looking for signs of its pre-urban landscape: topography, for example, or water features. Look also for signs of ongoing natural processes of air, earth, water, and life (for example, light and wind; water flow and erosion; plant growth and animal movements). How do these relate to some of the larger environmental issues discussed in lectures and The Granite Garden? Make a map of your site with field notes of your observations.

描述你所發現的。論文應有六頁紙長（雙倍行距），並附圖例。注意尋找當中的模式。附上一份用來討論研究點環境背景的地圖（不要忘了標注研究基地並列出地圖來源！）

Describe what you have found. The paper should be about six pages (typed double-spaced), and accompanied by illustrations. Look for patterns. Include a copy of the map you used to discuss the environmental context of your site (don't forget to identify your site and to list the source of the map!).

成功的論文是條理清晰的，為每一點列舉具體特定範例，在上下文中舉例並論述。組織論文時要將重點擺在你所發現的特質與這些特質所引發的廣泛議題。不光是單純描述，要認真選擇例子並討論其意義。

Successful papers are well organized, cite specific examples to make each point, put examples in context, and are illustrated. In organizing your paper, focus on the features you found and the broader issues they raise. Go beyond mere description. Choose your examples carefully and discuss their significance.

在個人主頁上發佈作業並給我E-Mail地址。遲交將被扣分。事先沒有導師的書面許可不得延期。

Post the assignment on your home page and send me the address. Late submissions will receive a reduction in grade. There will be no extensions without prior, written, consent of the instructor.


作業4：歷史遺跡、歷史層次、紋理痕跡與趨勢
Assignment 4: Artifacts, Layers, Traces, and Trends

在你的研究基地上走走，你發現了哪些關於過去、現在或可能性將來使用和居住上的資訊？你發現了哪些不同類型的遺跡，它們屬於研究點歷史上哪個時期和族群？它們揭露了過去和現在的什麼資訊？本次作業的目標是要去了解過去的所有者、功用、事件及生活方式是如何留下痕跡的，並藉由辨識這些過往痕跡與拼湊意義拼圖的方式，來獲取"解讀"研究基地點的經驗。文本長度應約相當於六頁打印紙，並附圖例。

Walking around your site, what clues can you find to past, current, and potential future uses and residents? What different kinds of traces can you find and what period and population of the site's history do they belong to? What do they reveal about the past and the present? The objective of this assignment is to give an appreciation for how past owners, functions, events, and ways of life leave traces and to give experience in "reading" the site by learning to recognize these traces and work out the puzzles of their significance. The text should be equivalent to approximately six typed pages, accompanied by illustrations.

歷史遺跡、歷史層次、紋理痕跡與趨勢

Artifacts, Layers, Traces, and Trends

這是本學期案例分析專題作業中五部分的第四份作業。第二份作業的任務是利用老地圖、規劃圖、印刷品和照片來追蹤研究基地隨時間所產生的變化。現在的目標是探尋這些變化在當代環境中有何展現，並詮釋其意義。你們當中有很多人之所以會被研究基地所吸引，是因為一些獨有的特徵，這些特徵困擾著你們，讓你們想知道它們為什麼會在那兒，是什麼促成了它們。現在是一個探索這些問題答案的機會。

This is the fourth assignment in a five-part, semester-long project. The task of the second assignment was to trace changes on your site over time using old maps, plans, prints, and photographs. Now the objective is to find traces of these changes present in the current environment and to interpret their significance. Many of you were attracted to your site because of some anomalous features that puzzled you and made you wonder why they were there and what had caused them to be. This is an opportunity to explore some answers to such puzzles.

在你的基地上走走，尋找那些關於過去，或將來的線索。你將發現用來分析第二份作業的老地圖會很有參考幫助（以及老的印刷品和照片，如果有的話）。在你基地上多走幾趟，一次觀察一個你選用時期的地圖，並比較這基地在今日與在那個地圖時期的不同。這要比一次同時比較三四個不同時期的地圖容易。也要探尋過去族群的痕跡。記錄你所看到的。你能找到哪些不同類型的遺跡，它們屬於研究點歷史上的那個階段？它們是否在某方面相關？描述你認為最重要或有趣的痕跡。它們揭示了哪些過去和現在的事？它們為何會保存下來？它們是否還具有原有的機能？它們是否揭示了現在和／或將來的任何事？你還發現了哪些存在於現在，可以暗示將來潛在趨勢的額外線索？

Take a walk through your site looking for clues to the past and to what the future may hold. You will find it helpful to refer to the old maps you analyzed for the second assignment (and old prints and photographs if you have them). Walk through the site several times, once for each period for which you have a map, and compare the site today with what it was like at the time depicted on the map. This will be easier than trying to compare three or four maps from different time periods all at once. Look also for traces of past populations. Make notes on what you see. What different kinds of traces can you find and what period of the site's history do they belong to? Do they relate to one another in any way? Describe the traces you think are most important or interesting. What do they reveal about the past and the present? Why did they survive? Are they still fulfilling some original purpose? Do they reveal anything about the present and/or future? What additional clues can you find in the present that hint at potential trends for the future?

描述你發現的。論文應約有六頁紙，並附圖例（不要忘了包括第二份作業的地圖鏈結）。重點在你認為最有意義和有趣的事。尋找當中的模式，不要試圖提到每一項你所找到的過去遺跡或每一個趨勢的線索。本次作業的目標是正確評價過去的所有者、功用、事件及生活方式是如何留下痕跡的，並在此理解基礎上，給你一個推測研究點在將來會如何發展的機會。

Describe what you have found. The paper should be about six pages, and accompanied by illustrations (don't forget to include links to the maps from the second assignment). Focus on what seems most significant or interesting to you. Look for patterns. Don't try to mention every trace of the past you find or every clue to a trend. The objective of this assignment is to give you an appreciation for how past owners, functions, events, and ways of life have left traces on your site and, based on this understanding, to give you the opportunity to speculate on how the site may develop in the future.

用圖片說明一些你找到的歷史遺跡、歷史層次、紋理痕跡和趨勢。這些圖例可能是老地圖、照片和印刷品，但也要包括一些你看到的並覺得有重要性的素描或照片。如果你質疑自己的藝術技能的話，不要感到害怕。作業的目的是記錄你所看到的並強調其意義。例證會按內容品質評分；你的分數不會因為缺乏藝術技巧而降低。圖例是記錄和思索觀測結果的另一種途徑。組織圖例並簡潔描述。要有選擇性：品質遠重於數量。不要期望用大量的圖片來得高分。

Illustrate some of the artifacts, layers, traces, and trends that you found. These illustrations may include old maps, photographs, and prints, but should also include some drawings or photographs of what you saw and found significant. Do not feel intimidated if you doubt your artistic skills. The object is to record what you see and highlight what is significant about it. The illustrations will be graded on quality of content; your grade will not be reduced for lack of artistic skill. Illustrations are another way of recording and thinking about your observations. Organize the illustrations and present them neatly. Be selective: quality is more important than quantity. Do not use dozens of photographs hoping a few will hit the mark.

成功的論文是條理清晰的，為每一點列舉具體例子，在文中給出例證並論述。在組織論文過程中，重點在你所發現的歷史遺跡、歷史層次、紋理痕跡和趨勢，以及它們引發的重要問題及闡明的模式；可以考慮用副標題來強調重點。仔細選擇例子，它們應能闡明你認為研究基地中的重要問題和類型。圖例應與你的推論清楚相關。 請附上標明基地範圍的地圖。不要忘了列出每個圖例的來源。

Successful papers are well organized, cite specific examples to make each point, put examples in context, and are illustrated. In organizing your paper, focus on the artifacts, layers, traces, and trends that you found, the important issues they raise, and patterns they illustrate; consider using subheadings to highlight your key points. Choose your examples carefully. They should illustrate the issues and patterns you identified as important in your site. Illustrations should be apt and clearly linked to your reasoning. Include a map identifying the boundaries of your site. Do not forget to list the source of each illustration.

在個人主網頁上發佈作業並給我e-mail地址。遲交將被扣分。事先沒有導師的書面許可不得延期。

Post the assignment on your home page and send me the address. Late submissions will receive a reduction in grade. There will be no extensions without prior, written, consent of the instructor.


作業5：講述你研究基地的故事
Assignment 5: Telling Your Site's Story

最後的作業是一個機會讓你匯總從本課程中學到的知識，並應用它門來了解一個地方－你的研究基地。它應該是對基地隨時間所產生的變化、其影響和意義的總論和思索。什麼改變了，什麼仍然存在，為什麼？你所學到和探索的所有事物對於今日的地域觀有何貢獻？對於將來有何預示？作業文本長度應約相當於六頁打印紙，並附圖例。

This last assignment is an opportunity to bring together what you have learned from the course and to apply it to an understanding of a single place -- your site. It should be a summary and reflection upon changes over time within the site, their causes and significance. What has changed and what has remained constant and why? How do all the things you have learned and observed contribute to the sense of the place today? What may they portend for the future? The text should be equivalent to approximately six typed pages, accompanied by illustrations.

講述你研究基地的故事

Telling Your Site's Story

最後的作業是一個機會讓你匯總從本課程中學到的知識，並用它門來了解一個地方－你的研究基地。在前面四份作業中，你選擇了研究點，描述了為什麼讓你感興趣，探索了你研究基地的環境歷史並觀察了現行的自然進程，追蹤基地隨時間的變化，運用了一系列老地圖，找到了這些變化在今天的遺跡，並思索了它們的意義。現在的任務是總結你所得到的知識，講述關於你的研究基地的故事。

This last assignment is an opportunity to bring together what you have learned from the course and to apply it to the understanding of a single place -- your site. In the four previous assignments, you identified a site and described why it interested you, explored your site's environmental history and observed ongoing natural processes, tracked changes on the site, over time, using a series of old maps, found traces of these changes in the present and reflected on their significance. Now the task is to draw from the knowledge you have gained to tell a story about the site.

一個地方包含許多故事；顯然你無法講述全部。你想講述的是關於你基地的哪一個故事？最讓你感興趣的是什麼？從你由老地圖中發掘出來與眼睛觀察出來的事實裏；從你在書本中與課堂中所獲得的知識裏，總結出一個故事，而其主題會是什麼？

A place embodies many stories; clearly you cannot tell them all. What is (are) the story(ies) you want to tell about your site? What about it has interested you the most? Draw the story from the facts you have discovered in old maps and with your own eyes, from information you have gleaned from reading books and listening to the lectures. What will be your main themes?

將你所找到最有趣與重要的那些主題組織成你的論文。選取具體例子，並附上地圖、照片和／或素描來論述你的記敘。參考以前作業對於成功論文關鍵品質的說明；同樣建議適用於此。

Organize your essay around those themes you have found most interesting and significant. Cite specific examples and include maps, photographs, and/or drawings to illustrate your narrative. Refer to the descriptions of past assignments for key qualities of successful essays; the same advice applies here.

在講述你基地故事的同時，你要思索你從研究基地中所學到的和觀察到的事物，以及這些特徵和現象對今天的地域觀有何貢獻。對於將來有何預示？什麼改變了，什麼仍然存在，為什麼？指定閱讀書籍會對思索研究點變化（不變）的意義很有幫助。閱讀Jane Jacob的《偉大美國城市的死亡與生命》中〈城市問題〉一章。回顧本學期初的指定閱讀材料。

In telling your site's story, you should reflect upon what you have learned and observed about your site and how these features and phenomena contribute to the sense of the place today. What may they portend for the future? What has changed and what has remained constant and why? Required readings will be helpful in thinking about the significance of changes (and constants) in your site. Read Jane Jacob's chapter on "The Kind of Problem a City Is" in Death and Life of Great American Cities. Review the required readings from earlier in the semester.

本篇論文應配合並整合前面作業中的某些內容。重讀你以前的論文以獲得你想利用的潛在觀點和資訊。期中論文長度應約相當於六頁紙，並附有支持或延伸展故事用的圖例（地圖、照片、素描）。

This essay should incorporate and integrate some material from previous assignments. Reread your previous essays for potential ideas and information, which you may want to draw upon. The final paper should be approximately six pages, accompanied by illustrations (maps, photographs, drawings) which support or extend the story.

在個人主頁上發佈作業並送給我你的e-mai地址。遲交將被扣分。事先沒有導師的書面許可不得延期。

Post the assignment on your home page and send me the address. Late submissions will receive a reduction in grade. There will be no extensions without prior, written, consent of the instructor.