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我有個非常簡單的想法,我打算一再闡述,直到說服你們。我們全都是製造者-我確實對這一點堅信不移。我們全都是製造者,天生就是製造者。我們有能力製造物品,用雙手握住物品;說到瞭解事物時,我們也用「掌握」之類的字眼做比喻。我們不只是活著,也製造及創造事物。我要讓你們看一些製造者,他們來自Maker Faire創意盛會及世界各地。它並不是特別好騎,卻是一輛超高的自行車,名稱是摩天輪車,為來自奧克蘭的創作。對這種體型的男士來說,這是輛超小的摩托車,但是他試著給它動力、裝上發動機,用的是電鑽(笑聲)。他的問題是,「我辦的到嗎?搞得定嗎?」顯然沒問題。製造者是熱衷的人,是業餘者,是熱愛從事自己所做的事的人,他們甚至不見得知道為什麼要做。
我們已開始號召製造者來我們的Maker Faire創意盛會,這場是去年夏天在底特律舉行的,明年夏天將在亨利.福特博物館再次舉行,但我們在舊金山也有舉行(掌聲),還有紐約。這是一場棒極了的盛會,跟製造者見面和交談,他們向你展現並介紹他們的作品,再加上很棒的談話。
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I'm going to have a pretty simple idea that I'm just going to tell you over and over until I get you to believe it, and that is all of us are makers. I really believe that. All of us are makers. We're born makers. We have this ability to make things, to grasp things with our hands. We use words like 'grasp' metaphorically to also think about understanding things. We don't just live, but we make; we create things. Well I'm going to show you a group of makers from Maker Faire and various places. It doesn't come out particularly well, but that's a particularly tall bicycle. It's a scraper bike, it's called -- from Oakland. And this is a particularly small scooter for a gentleman of this size. But he's trying to power it, or motorize it, with a drill. (Laughter) And the question he had is, "Can I do it? Can it be done?" Apparently it can. So makers are enthusiasts, they're amateurs, they're people who love doing what they do. They don't always even know why they're doing it.
We have begun organizing makers at our Maker Faire. There was one held in Detroit here last summer, and it will be held again next summer, at the Henry Ford. But we hold them in San Francisco -- (Applause) -- and in New York. And it's a fabulous event to just meet and talk to these people who make things and are there to just show them to you and talk about them and have a great conversation.
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(影片)男子:我或許可以抓到其中一個
Dale Dougherty:這些是電動鬆餅
男子:你們從哪弄來的?
鬆餅:你要跟我們一起溜嗎?(男子:不)
DD:我知道福特汽車公司要推出新型電動車,我們先做出來了。
女士:你要跟我們一起溜嗎?
DD:我把這個叫做雨中鞦韆,你很難看到,但它上方有個控制器,讓水週期性地落下,就在你通過拱架下方之前和之後。想像一下,孩子會想:「我會被淋濕嗎?會嗎?不,我沒被淋濕,我會被淋濕嗎?會嗎?」這是個聰明的盪鞦韆體驗。我們當然也有時尚產品,人們把物品改造成時尚產品,我不知道這是否叫做籃球胸罩,但應該是類似的名稱。我們讓藝術系學生一起合作,使用舊散熱器零件,用鐵澆鑄做出一個新的東西。他們是在夏天做的,當時天氣非常溫暖。
這個需要解釋一下,你們知道這些是什麼,對吧?Billy-Bob或Billy Bass(聲控跳舞魚)之類的。照片背景中的製造者是位物理學家,他會解釋一下它的作用。
(影片)Richard Carter:我是Richard Carter,這是生魚片會幕合唱團。
合唱團:你何時會擁我在懷中?
RC:這全由電腦控制,裝在一輛老富豪車上。
合唱團:我迷上一種感覺,這個信念令我興奮不已,就是你已愛上我。
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(Video) Guy: I might get one of those.
Dale Dougherty: These are electric muffins.
Guy: Where did you guys get those?
Muffin: Will you glide with us? (Guy: No.)
DD: I know Ford has new electric vehicles coming out. We got there first.
Lady: Will you glide with us?
DD: This is something I call swinging in the rain. And you can barely see it, but it's -- a controller at top cycles the water to fall just before and after you pass through the bottom of the arc. So imagine a kid: "Am I going to get wet? Am I going to get wet? No, I didn't get wet. Am I going to get wet? Am I going to get wet?" That's the experience of a clever ride. And of course, we have fashion. People are remaking things into fashion. I don't know if this is called a basket bra, but it ought to be something like that. We have art students getting together, taking old radiator parts and doing an iron pour to make something new out of it. They did that in the summer, and it was very warm.
Now this one takes a little bit of explaining. You know what those are, right? Billy-Bob, or Billy Bass, or something like that. Now the background is the guy who did this is a physicist. And here he'll explain a little bit about what it does.
(Video) Richard Carter: I'm Richard Carter, and this is the Sashimi Tabernacle Choir.
Choir: ♫ When you hold me in your arms ♫
RC: This is all computer controlled in an old Volvo.
Choir: ♫ I'm hooked on a feelin' ♫ ♫ I'm high on believin' ♫ ♫ That you're in love with me ♫
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DD:Richard去年從休斯頓來底特律拜訪我們,展示了美妙的生魚片會幕合唱團。所以,你們是製造者嗎?在場有多少人會說自己是個製造者,舉一下手?相當不錯,但還有些人不認為自己是製造者。再想想看吧!你們是食物的製造者、房屋的製造者,是許多不同事物的製造者。現在我更感興趣的部分是,你們是自己世界中的製造者,特別是這項技術在你生活中扮演的角色。你們確實是一位司機或乘客,用一般用語來說,製造者有掌控權,這就是令他們著迷的東西,這就是他們為什麼做這些事。他們想弄清楚事物如何運作,他們想使用它,他們想掌控它,他們想將它用於自己的目的。
某種程度上來說,當今的製造者算是異類,他們非主流,他們有點激進,他們所做的事有點顛覆性。但同時,認為自己是一個製造者相當尋常,你甚至不會提及這一點。我找到這部舊片,待會兒我會談更多些,但...
(音樂)
(影片)旁白:對美國人的最佳形容-我們是製造者,藉由我們的力量、思想和精神,我們收集、塑造、成形。我們是製造者、塑造者,也是將之集大成者。
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DD: So Richard came up from Houston last year to visit us in Detroit here and show the wonderful Sashimi Tabernacle Choir. So, are you a maker? How many people here would say you're a maker, if you raise your hand? That's a pretty good -- But there's some of you out there that won't admit that you're makers. And again, think about it. You're makers of food, you're makers of shelter, you're makers of lots of different things. And partly what interests me today, is you're makers of your own world, and particularly the role that technology has in your life. You're really a driver or a passenger, to use a Volkswagen phrase. Makers are in control. That's what fascinates them; that's why they do what they do. They want to figure out how things work, they want to get access to it, and they want to control it; they want to use it to their own purpose.
Makers today, to some degree, are out on the edge. They're not mainstream. They're a little bit radical. They're a bit subversive in what they do. But at one time, it was fairly commonplace to think of yourself as a maker. It was not something you'd even remark upon. And I found this old video. And I'll tell you more about it, but just ...
(Music)
(Video) Narrator: Of all things Americans are, we are makers. With our strengths and our minds and spirit, we gather, we form, and we fashion -- makers and shapers and put-it-togetherers.
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DD:影片接下來呈現的是人們以木材製物、祖父在瓶裡做一艘船、婦女做個派,這多少已成為生活中的家常便飯,但這是種自豪的感覺。我們製做物品,我們周圍的世界由我們製造;它不只是存在,它是我們製造的,我們也因此與之緊密相連,我認為這非常重要。現在我要說一個跟這有關的趣事,這卷特殊的影帶是部商業影片,但它於1961年在露天汽車電影院播放,在底特律地區。事實上它是在希區考克《驚魂記》一片之前播放的(笑聲),所以我認為這有某些含意。新生代的製造者由這個正向的「精神」中嶄露頭角。
這是Andrew Archer,我在號召Maker Faire盛會的其中一場社區會議中遇見Andrew,Andrew已從明尼蘇達州的德盧斯搬到底特律,我跟他媽媽談過,最後我為一本叫《Kidrobot》的雜誌寫了他的故事。他是一個在成長過程中,玩工具而不是玩具的孩子。他喜歡拆東西,他媽媽給他部分車庫空間,他搜集舊貨拍賣物品並製造東西。他並不特別喜歡上學,但他參加了機器人競賽,意識到自己擁有天賦。更重要的是,他對這個確實懷抱熱情。他開始製造機器人,當我坐在他旁邊時,他向我述說他成立的一家公司。他正為汽車工廠製造機器人,用來在汽車廠房搬運東西,這就是為什麼他搬到密西根州。但他也搬到這裡,與跟他有相同作為的人見面,這多少代表了現今這個重要觀點。
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DD: So it goes on to show you people making things out of wood, a grandfather making a ship in a bottle, a woman making a pie -- somewhat standard fare of the day. But it was a sense of pride that we made things, that the world around us was made by us. It didn't just exist; we made it, and we were connected to it that way. And I think that's tremendously important. Now I'm going to tell you one funny thing about this. This particular reel -- it's an industrial video -- but it was shown in drive-in theaters in 1961 -- in the Detroit area, in fact -- and it preceded Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho." (Laughter) So I like to think there was something going on there of the new generation of makers coming out of this plus "Psycho."
This is Andrew Archer. I met Andrew at one of our community meetings putting together Maker Faire. Andrew had moved to Detroit from Duluth, Minnesota. And I talked to his mom, and I ended up doing a story on him for a magazine called Kidrobot. He's just a kid that grew up playing with tools instead of toys. He liked to take things apart. His mother gave him a part of the garage, and he collected things from yard sales, and he made stuff. And then he didn't particularly like school that much, but he got involved in robotics competitions, and he realized he had a talent, and, more importantly, he had a real passion for it. And he began building robots. And when I sat down next to him, he was telling me about a company he formed, and he was building some robots for automobile factories to move things around on the factory floor. And that's why he moved to Michigan. But he also moved here to meet other people doing what he's doing. And this kind of gets to this important idea today.
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這是Jeff、Bilal和其他人,在一個駭客空間(hackerspace)。底特律大約有3個以上的駭客空間,從我上次來此之後,可能還有一些新成立的。這就像是俱樂部,他們共用工具、空間,分享製造東西的專長,這是個非常有趣的現象,正遍及世界各地。但基本上這些是玩科技的人,我再說一次-「玩」。他們不一定知道自己在做什麼,或者為什麼這麼做,他們在玩樂中發現什麼科技可以做,並可能發現自己可以做什麼、擁有的能力是什麼。
我認為另一個原因是起飛,製造的另一個原因是現今科技的起飛。出現一些很棒的新工具,你們在螢幕上看不太清楚,但Arduino:Arduino是一個開放源碼硬體平臺,是一個微控制器,如果你們搞不懂,它們就只是大腦,它們是製造者程式的大腦。這是其中一個例子,我不知道你們是否能看清楚。這是個郵箱,一個普通郵箱和一台Arduino,當你瞭解如何運用程式後,把這個放進你的郵箱中,當有人打開你的郵箱時,你就會收到通知,警訊會傳到你的iPhone中。可以裝在狗門上,或某人不該去的地方,像是小弟弟到小妹妹的房間,你可以想像出各種不同東西都可以利用這種裝置。
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This is Jeff and Bilal and several others here in a hackerspace. And there's about three hackerspaces or more in Detroit. And there's probably even some new ones since I've been here last. But these are like clubs. They're sharing tools, sharing space, sharing expertise in what to make. And so it's a very interesting phenomenon that's going across the world. But essentially these are people that are playing with technology. Let me say that again -- playing. They don't necessarily know what they're doing or why they're doing it. They're playing to discover what the technology can do, and probably to discover what they can do themselves, what they're own capabilities are.
Now the other thing that I think is taking off, another reason making is taking off today, is there's some great new tools out there. And you can't see this very well on the screen, but Arduino: Arduino is an open-source hardware platform. It's a micro-controller. If you don't know what those are, they're just the brains. So they're the brains of maker projects. And here's an example of one. And I don't know if you can see it that well, but that's a mailbox -- so an ordinary mailbox and an Arduino. So you figure out how to program this, and you put this in your mailbox. And when someone opens your mailbox, you get a notification, an alert message goes to your iPhone. Now that could be a dog door, it could be someone going somewhere where they shouldn't, like a little brother into a little sister's room. There's all kinds of different things that you can imagine for that.
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這是個3D印表機,另一個正起步的工具,真的很有趣。這是Makerbot,它有個工業用版本,約20,000美元,這些人想出一個簡易版本,只售750美元。這意味著愛好者和一般人都可以弄一台,開始玩3D印表機。他們不知道想用它做什麼,但他們會弄明白的,他們得用手把玩才能得知。最酷的一件事是,Makerbot出了升級版,可製作列印箱的新托架。你可以列印出托架,然後用新的取代舊的,是不是很酷?
因此,製造者從我們四周汲取科技。這是一個雷達測速器,利用Hotwheels玩具製造的。他們製造有趣的東西,他們確實創造了新領域,探索了一些領域。你可能僅認為無人駕駛飛機是軍隊製造的;但整個社會中都有人製造無人駕駛飛機或車輛,就是你可以用程式控制使其自主飛行的東西,不用控制桿之類的,就可控制它的飛行路徑,他們做的是迷人的工作。
我們有個太空探索的議題,DIY太空探索,這或許是人類歷史中最棒的熱愛太空時刻。你可以製造自己的衛星,射進太空,大約花8000美元。想想NASA用了多少錢和多少年,才將衛星射進太空。事實上,這些人確實為NASA工作,他們正試著首創用現成的零件-非專業的便宜東西,他們可以將其組合並射進太空。
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Now here's something -- a 3D printer. That's another tool that's really taken off -- really, really interesting. This is Makerbot. And there are industrial versions of this -- about $20,000. These guys came up with a kit version for $750. And that means that hobbyists and ordinary folks can get a hold of this and begin playing with 3D printers. Now they don't know what they want to do with it, but they're going to figure it out. They will only figure it out by getting their hands on it and playing with it. One of the coolest things is, Makerbot sent out an upgrade, some new brackets for the box. Well you printed out the brackets and then replaced the old brackets with the new ones. Isn't that cool?
So makers harvest technology from all the places around us. This is a radar speed detector that was developed from a Hotwheels toy. And they do interesting things. They're really creating new areas and exploring areas that you might only think -- The military is doing drones. Well, there is a whole community of people building autonomous airplanes, or vehicles -- something that you could program to fly on its own, without a stick or anything, to figure out what path it's going. Fascinating work they're doing.
We just had an issue on space exploration, DIY space exploration. This is probably the best time in the history of mankind to love space. You could build your own satellite and get it into space for like $8,000. Think how much money and how many years it took NASA to get satellites into space. In fact, these guys actually work for NASA, and they're trying to pioneer using off-the-shelf components, cheap things that aren't specialized that they can combine and send up into space.
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製造者是創新的來源,我認為它與過去某些東西有關,像個人電腦產業的誕生。這是Steve Wozniak,他在哪學電腦?這是車庫電腦俱樂部,像駭客空間一樣,他說,「我可以去那裡一整天,與人們交談,並免費分享想法。」嗯,他確實還蠻自在的。但重要的是要理解,我們很多產業的起源,甚至像Henry Ford博物館,概念都來自玩樂並集體理解事物。
嗯,如果我還沒說服你,你是一個製造者,我希望能說服你,我們下一代應該是製造者。孩子們對控制物理世界這種能力特別感興趣,能使用像微控制器這樣的東西,還有製造機器人。我們必須把這些帶入校園或社區中,還有許多方面,如改裝的能力,塑造和重塑我們周圍的世界。現今有個大好機會,我最在意的是這個問題的答案:美國將製造出什麼?更多的製造者。
非常感謝
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Makers are a source of innovation, and I think it relates back to something like the birth of the personal computer industry. This is Steve Wozniak. Where does he learn about computers? It's the Homebrew Computer Club -- just like a hackerspace. And he says, "I could go there all day long and talk to people and share ideas for free." Well he did a little bit better than free. But it's important to understand that a lot of the origins of our industries -- even like Henry Ford -- come from this idea of playing and figuring things out in groups.
Well, if I haven't convinced you that you're a maker, I hope I could convince you that our next generation should be makers, that kids are particularly interested in this, in this ability to control the physical world and be able to use things like micro-conrollers and build robots. And we've got to get this into schools, or into communities in many, many ways -- the ability to tinker, to shape and reshape the world around us. There's a great opportunity today -- and that's what I really care about the most -- the answer to the question: What will America make? It's more makers.
Thank you very much.