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我從孩提時就喜愛汽車,在我18歲時,我最要好的朋友死於車禍,就這麼突然。於是我決定貢獻我的人生,以挽救每年一百萬人的生命損失。我還沒成功,所以這次只是進度報告,但今天我要對自動駕駛車輛稍做介紹。
我最初的構想是來自於DARPA無人駕駛自動車大賽。美國政府提供一個獎項,頒給能在沙漠中完成自動駕駛的團隊。即使有一百多個隊伍參加,這些車都沒達成目標,因此在史丹佛大學的我們,決定建造一輛與眾不同的自動駕駛車。我們同時建構硬體與軟體,使它能向人類學習,然後讓它在沙漠中奔馳。一件意想不到的事發生了,它竟成為第一部完成DARPA無人駕駛自動車大賽的車,為史丹佛大學贏得兩百萬美元,但我仍未拯救到任何一條生命。
從一開始,我們的設計就將目標放在建造一輛能在任何地方自動駕駛的車,能在加州任何街道上奔馳。我們已經讓它跑了14萬英哩,我們的車有許多感應器,藉此讓車子看到環繞在四周的任何事物,並對駕駛過程中遇到的所有狀況做判斷。這是完美的駕駛機制,我們在市區中奔馳,像在舊金山這裡,也開上1號高速公路,從舊金山前往洛杉磯。
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以下為系統擷取之英文原文
As a boy, I loved cars. When I turned 18, I lost my best friend to a car accident. Like this. And then I decided I'd dedicate my life to saving one million people every year. Now I haven't succeeded, so this is just a progress report, but I'm here to tell you a little bit about self-driving cars.
I saw the concept first in the DARPA Grand Challenges where the U.S. government issued a prize to build a self-driving car that could navigate a desert. And even though a hundred teams were there, these cars went nowhere. So we decide at Stanford to build a different self-driving car. We built the hardware and the software. We made it learn from us, and we set it free in the desert. And the unimaginable happened: it became the first car to ever return from a DARPA Grand Challenge -- winning Stanford 2 million dollars. Yet I still hadn't saved a single life.
Since, our work has focused on building driving cars that can drive anywhere by themselves -- any street in California. We've driven 140,000 miles. Our cars have sensors by which they magically can see everything around them and make decisions about every aspect of driving. It's the perfect driving mechanism. We've driven in cities, like in San Francisco here. We've driven from San Francisco to Los Angeles on Highway 1.
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我們遇過慢跑者,繁忙的高速公路,收費站,都在無人控制的狀態下,由車子自動駕駛。事實上,在這14萬英哩的駕駛過程中,甚至沒人察覺。山路,白天和晚上,甚至是舊金山彎彎曲曲的Lombard街。(笑聲)有時我們的車玩瘋了,甚至會做些特技駕駛。
(影片)男聲:哦!天啊!怎麼回事?
另一男聲:是車子自己在開
Sebastian Thrun: 雖然我現在無法使我朋友Harold起死回生,但我能為所有死於車禍的人盡些心力。你們知道,車禍事故是使年輕人喪命的頭號殺手嗎?還有,你們知道,那幾乎都是因為人為疏失,而不是機器問題,因此,由機器來代替人將有可能避免這些事故?
你們知道,那將能使高速公路容納的車流量提高二、三倍,如果不依賴人為的控制將車輛開在車道,而是藉由自動駕駛精準控制位置,將車開得靠近些,足以讓車道寬度縮減,而避免高速公路的塞車現象?TED聽眾們,你們知道嗎?大家每天平均花費在交通阻塞的時間是52分鐘,而將你的時間浪費在每日通勤中?你可以再度取回這些時間。單單是我們國家,每年就有40億小時的時間被浪費掉,也浪費了24億加侖的汽油。
我認為這是個願景,是一種新科技,我真的期待有一天,當我們後代回顧現在這個時代時會說,人們竟然需要開車,真是太荒謬了。謝謝。
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We've encountered joggers, busy highways, toll booths, and this is without a person in the loop; the car just drives itself. In fact, while we drove 140,000 miles, people didn't even notice. Mountain roads, day and night, and even crooked Lombard Street in San Francisco. (Laughter) Sometimes our cars get so crazy, they even do little stunts.
(Video) Man: Oh, my God. What? Second Man: It's driving itself.
Sebastian Thrun: Now I can't get my friend Harold back to life, but I can do something for all the people who died. Do you know that driving accidents are the number one cause of death for young people? And do you realize that almost all of those are due to human error and not machine error, and can therefore be prevented by machines?
Do you realize that we could change the capacity of highways by a factor of two or three if we didn't rely on human precision on staying in the lane -- improve body position and therefore drive a little bit closer together on a little bit narrower lanes, and do away with all traffic jams on highways? Do you realize that you, TED users, spend an average of 52 minutes per day in traffic, wasting your time on your daily commute? You could regain this time. This is four billion hours wasted in this country alone. And it's 2.4 billion gallons of gasoline wasted.
Now I think there's a vision here, a new technology, and I'm really looking forward to a time when generations after us look back at us and say how ridiculous it was that humans were driving cars.
Thank you.