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給發展中國家的百元美金電腦
The Hundred Dollar Laptop-Computing for Developing Nations |
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講者：
Nicholas P. Negroponte
麻省理工學院媒體實驗室主席與共同創辦人
Wiesner媒體科技教授
「一孩一筆電」（OLPC）主席
(Chairman and Co-Founder, MIT Media Laboratory
Wiesner Professor of Media Technology
Chairman, One Laptop Per Child, OLPC)
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關於本次演講：
想像一個世界，所有在學校的兒童都可以擁有筆記型電腦，甚至是連那些居住在沒有電力和電話的村莊中的孩童都不例外。這是Nicholas Negroponte的夢想，他的「一孩一筆電」（OLPC）的非營利組織則正在把這個夢想推動到真實世界中。借著像是News Corporation和Google這些大公司的幫助，Negroponte開始從巴西、泰國、埃及、中國和南非安排了數以百萬計的筆記型電腦訂單。即使是聯合國也認可這個計畫。Negroponte的原型機是一台從「肥胖」的桌上型電腦瘦身的筆記型電腦，同時移除了市場和行銷部分的花費，得到的結果是7.5吋的螢幕、Linux作業系統、手搖曲柄的電力來源、橡膠的外殼、以及超級亮的螢幕以便「能夠帶到陽光下當書來讀」。得到的結果就是一個可以協助八億孩童探索、互動和創作的便宜工具。別太擔心連線速度的問題，媒體實驗是已經解決了這個問題：每台電腦會變成其他使用者網狀網路上的節點，替偏遠的地區創造了可使用的簡單網路。至於電子郵件和網路瀏覽這些同步的工作，Negroponte說只需要2MB就可以解決1000個孩子的需求。 拼湊出這些便宜的教育裝置的關鍵在於數量：越多國家可以加入這個行列，這些電腦就會變得越方便、越便宜。Negroponte 對於這些機器可能吸引的灰色市場非常小心，決心要讓它們成為極為獨特，由政府派發的教育工具，讓偷取它們會像是偷「郵局卡車」一樣的尷尬。Negroponte 的結論是：「改變這世界的教育將會是極龐大的工作，」將會花費數十年，但如果讓每個孩子都能夠有電腦，這將可以「埋下改變的種子」，協助「創造未來」。
Imagine a world where all school-age children own a laptop computer, even those living in villages lacking power and telephone service. Nicholas Negroponte has, and his One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) non-profit has propelled this vision into the real world. With backing from News Corporation and Google, among others, Negroponte has begun to line up millions of orders from Brazil, Thailand, Egypt, China and South Africa. Even the United Nations has bestowed its imprimatur on the concept. Negroponte's prototype computer is a "skinnied down" version of what he describes as the typical "obese" laptop. Remove sales and marketing costs, and set the machine up with a 7.5" screen, Linux software, a hand crank for power, rugged rubber case, and super bright display so "it can be taken into the sun and read like a book," and you've got a very inexpensive tool for helping 800 million children explore, interact and create. Don't fret about connectivity; the Media Lab's got that covered: each laptop becomes a "node in the mesh" of other local users, creating a novel network perfect for remote locations. For email and web browsing, just two MB can serve 1,000 kids, says Negroponte. The key to churning out these cheap educational devices is volume -- and the more countries that join the bandwagon, the sleeker and less expensive the computers are likely to be. Negroponte casts a wary eye on the potential grey market appeal of the machines, and is determined to make them so distinctive as a government-distributed, educational tool that taking one would "be like stealing a post office truck." Negroponte concludes, "Changing education on the planet is a monumental challenge," taking decades. But OLPC will "seed the change," and help "invent the future."
關於講者：
Nicholas P. Negroponte從1966年就已經成為麻省理工學院的教師。他是建築機械群的創辦人。在1995年，他出版了「數位革命」，被翻譯成超過40種語言。
Nicholas 同時也是《連線》雜誌（Wired）的創辦人（朱註：一本極好的科技雜誌，強力推薦！）是Motorola董事會的成員，他也是超過四十個以上新創公司的天使投資人。
Nicholas P. Negroponte has been on the MIT faculty since 1966. He was the founder of the Architecture Machines Group. In 1995, he published the bestseller Being Digital, which was translated into more than 40 languages.
Negroponte was a founder of Wired Magazine, and serves on the board of directors for Motorola, Inc. He has been an 'angel investor' in more than 40 start-ups.
更多有關Nicholas Negroponte的資料
筆記型電腦計畫網頁
關於影片（影片時間索引）：影片長度為 55:23
《科技評論》(Technology Review)雜誌的發行人和總編輯Jason Pontin介紹這整個活動。
00:58時，《科技評論》雜誌的總編Bob Buderi介紹Nicholas Negroponte。
02:48時，Negroponte開始演講。
37:59時，Q&A問答時間開始。
以上資料為本影片上傳至 MITWORLD 網站上當時所獲知的資訊。此影片上傳日為： 2005-12-27.
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