問題集
Problem Sets

幾乎每個星期都會有問題集的指派，這些問題集將涉及從機械式的練習題到文獻的評論，到那些指導教授想要但無法靠他們自己解決的實證問題。請你們自行討論，提出相關的論點，一起解決這些問題等等。但是這些問題必須自己寫。請踴躍請求指導教授的協助，舉例來說，親自或者以電子郵件詢問。問題集要在指派後的那個星期五交。

They will be assigned almost every week, and will range from mechanical exercises to critiques of the literature to empirical problems that the instructors would like to have solved but can't manage by ourselves. Please discuss the problem sets among yourselves, argue about them, work on them together, etc. Do write the problems up on your own, however. Please do not hesitate to ask the instructors, in person or via e-mail, for assistance. Problem sets will be due on the Friday of the week after they are assigned.

上台報告
Presentations

有兩個題目已經指定給學生報告。這些都涉及辯論。這些報告(一共有四個)將在小組中完成，小組成員數目將視登記人數而定。我們會在課堂中再討論。

Two of the topics have been designated for student presentations. These all involve debates. The presentations (a total of four of them) will be done in small groups whose exact numbers will depend on enrollment. We will discuss this more in class.

小報告
Squib

最後一天上課要交從課堂主題相關的小報告。這個報告可以很短，可以是任何在課堂中吸引你想像的題目(不管是正面或負面地)。它有可能包含你自己實際上或理論上的觀察(請見the journal_Snippets_來找這一類寫作的例子)和/或你自己對於我們在課堂上討論過的論文的想法。請事先讓指導教授知道你打算要寫的題目。我們鼓勵你跟我們約時間討論你的題目。

A short paper on a topic from the class will be due on the last class day. This paper can be quite short. It can be on any topic that captures your imagination (either positively or negatively!) during the course. It may include your own empirical or theoretical observations (see the journal _Snippets_ for examples of such writing) and/or your own thoughts about papers we have discussed in class. Please let the instructors know what you are planning to write about beforehand. We encourage you to make appointments with us to discuss your topic.

指定閱讀
Readings

這幾年來我們已經為這個課程刪減了必要閱讀的份量，然後增加閱讀，然後又刪減—「正確的份量」到現在還是個迷。你需要時間想也需要時間吸收，而我們希望這學期的閱讀量給你足夠的時間加以思考且吸收。

We have cut back the amount of required reading for this course over the last few years; then added more readings; then, cut back again — the "right amount" is still a mystery. You need time to think as well as time to absorb, and we hope that the current reading load this semester will give you that time.

然而這代表著不管怎樣你需要參與所有的課程。你讀的東西無一可以取代課堂上的內容。

This means, however, that you should attend all classes, no matter what. Nothing you could read will replace what goes on in class.

當你讀指定閱讀時，不要預期你會懂你讀的每件事。當你卡住的時候，試著跳過那個問題點去獲得你能從那些文章中獲得的。任何時候當你需要幫助，可以問指導教授或者你的同學。

When you read the assignments, do not expect to understand everything you read. When you get stuck, try skipping over the trouble spot to get what you can out of the readings. At all times, if you need help, ask the instructors or your fellow students.

背景知識
Background

這是個進階級的介紹性課程。我們假定所有這門課的學生都在生成語法有一點背景。當然學生背景的本質和程度會因人而異。如果任何時候當你感到需要背景知識的補充，請踴躍請求指導教授的協助。另外(很重要的一點)踴躍在課堂上提問，即使那個問題是「能否請你再解釋一次」。

This is an introductory course taught at an advanced level. We assume that all the students in it have some background in generative syntax. The nature and extent of that background will differ from student to student, of course. Please do not hesitate to ask the instructors for more help if at any time you feel you need some background filled in. Also (and this is important!) do not hesitate to ask questions in class, even if the question is "could you explain that again".