考試中不得參考任何筆記與書籍。本考試佔學期成績20%。

1. 何謂Gettier問題(the Gettier problem)？
   （編註：有關Gettier反例請見http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~cchi/argument/Gettier.htm）
   
   
2. 詳細解釋Nozick和Lewis會如何談論下述懷疑論證：
   
   前提一：我不知道我不是桶中之腦。
   前提二：如果我不知道我不是桶中之腦，則我不知道我有雙手。
   結論：我不知道我有雙手。
   
   
3. 解釋Goldman所舉的偽農舍的例子。Goldman認為這個例子表示什麼意義？ 而你認為這個例子表示什麼意義？
   （譯註：此例見相關閱讀資料中的 Goldman, Alvin I. 〈識別力與知覺知識〉(Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge)）

No notes or books are permitted in the exam. The exam is worth 20% of the final course grade.

1. What is the Gettier problem?
   
   
2. Carefully explain what Nozick and Lewis would say about the following skeptical argument:
   
   P1. I don't know that I am not a brain in a vat.
   P2. If I don't know that I am not a brain in a vat, then I don't know that I have hands.
   C. I don't know that I have hands.
   
   
3. Explain Goldman's Fake Barn example. What does Goldman think this example shows? What do you think this example shows?