在此可下載此作業電子檔
A downloadable version of this assignment document is available here (PDF).
學期報告要求
Term Paper Requirements
有兩種選擇可滿足學期報告的要求
There are two options to satisfy the requirements of this subject:
-
9學分:需交一份約10到15頁的報告,以授課內容所討論到主題為依據。
9 credits: A paper of about 10 to 15 pages: Based on a topic discussed in lectures.
-
12學分:需交一份約18到25頁的報告,由學生尋找合適的研究主題。
12 credits: A paper of about 18 to 25 pages: Research topic chosen by student.
學期報告時間表
Term Paper Time Table
第一階段
Stage One
準備提案-一至兩頁的長度-略述報告提案的內容,包括參考的資源。(需說明是9或12學分)。第八週。
Prepare proposal -- one or two pages in length - outlining the content of the proposed paper, including sources consulted. (Indicate 9 or 12 units). Week 8.
第二階段
Stage Two
與講師約時間討論。第十週。
Sign up to meet with instructor. Week 10.
第三階段
Stage Three
完成報告。第26週。
Complete paper. Week 26.
學期報告主題
Term Paper Subject
在大多數令人失望的報告中,最常出現的是在描述城市或城市組成中停滯不前,且無將這些描述與前提或論點做緊密連結。當然如果你持續發展各種範疇來瞭解資料且最後提出具整體價值的東西,從有趣的資料中衍生出假說是可行的。 在社會科學中,這通常叫做「基礎理論」。更常見的是有一個前提-一個難題、一個未深入討論的問題、一個難以理解的關係-然後找出適合的資料來驗證(或反證)這個前提。不管選擇哪一種方式-歸納或推演-聰明的結構應該以論點為基礎或與其緊密連結,同時儘可能地清晰。必須記得設計一個有價值的探索模式, 同時身為建築師,各位大多數已經有或應該有具價值的設計能力可以將其延伸至此主題報告中。
Among the most disappointing papers have been those that have stuck to description of cities, or parts of cities, without pinning these descriptions to some hypothesis or argument. It is possible, of course, to derive hypotheses from interesting data, if you keep on developing categories for understanding the data and finally say something valuable about it all. In social science, this is often called "grounded theory." More commonly one has a hypothesis -- a puzzling question, an unexplored problem, a curious relationship -- and finds the appropriate data to validate (or not) the hypothesis. Whichever way you choose to work -- inductively or deductively -- the intellectual structure should be based on argument, be linked, and be as clear as possible. Remember that designing is a valuable mode of inquiry, and that, as architects, many of you have or should have valuable design skills which you can bring to bear in a paper for this subject.
有很多有效但未深入的論題與此主題的一般性研究有一致性。例如,有哪些城市形式理論同時處理其空間、熟練的形式,以及這些形式的社會環境。這裡有一些過去學生曾追蹤的論題:
There are many valid, unexplored topics in line with the general exploration of the subject, i.e., what are theories of the form of cities which deal with both their spatial, experienced form, and the social environment of these forms. Here are some which students have pursued in the past:
城市個案研究
Case Studies of Cities
城市個案研究可證明形式與社會之間的特定關係,不論是現今或歷史上的。通常這些關係在一些戲劇性改變的條件下十分清楚,如從殖民到後殖民城市的改變,或者都會型社會對突來壓力的反應。在此,通常的問題是尋找資料的困難度,但如果願意做資料挖堀工作的話,波士頓大學和劍橋大學有很好的圖書館查詢系統。以下為一些例子:
Case studies of cities in which it is possible to demonstrate specific relationships between form and society, either today or historically. Often these relationships are clearer under conditions of dramatic change, as in the change from colonial to post-colonial cities, or in the reaction of urban society to sudden stress. Here the problem is often one of finding the data, but Boston and Cambridge have good libraries, if you can do the digging. Examples:
Deoege, P.,〈流動的城市〉,1977。
Droege, P. "Floating Cities." 1977.
King, G.,〈波士頓,亞利桑那州,1924-1945:一個暫時安置的圖示案例研究〉,1977。
King, G. "Poston, Arizona, 1924-1945: An Illustrated Case Study of a Temporary Settlement." 1977.
Ebbe, K.,〈自由到控制:表彰殖民統治的城市形式〉,(Leopoldville and Kinshasha), 1978。
Ebbe, K. "Freedom to Control: City Form as an Expression of Colonial Domination." (Leopoldville and Kinshasha), 1978.
Aldrete-Haas, J. A.,〈已建構環境的組成:墨西哥城中的殖民勞工階級之案例〉,1979。
Aldrete-Haas, J. A. "The Formation of the Built Environment: The Case of a Colonial Proletaria in Mexico City." 1979.
Devol, J.,〈新伊甸園之死〉,1979。
Devol, J. "The Death of a New Eden." 1979.
Ferreira, F.,〈在拉丁美洲的葡萄牙與西班牙殖民城市:基本比較法〉,1980。
Ferreira, F. "Portuguese and Spanish Colonial Cities in Latin America: A First Comparative Approach." 1980.
Murray, S.,〈在美國使用歷史土地的模4式〉,1980。
Murray, S. "Historical Land Use Patterns in the United States of America." 1980.
Morse, S.,〈農業發展的都市形式:在巴西亞馬遜河的殖民開發〉,1981。
Morse, S. "Urban Form for Rural Development: Colonization in the Brazilian Amazon." 1981.
Lin, Y. Y.,〈商業力量對都會形式的影響:中國城市「開封」的案例〉,1981。
Lin, Y. Y. "The Impact of Commercial Force on Urban Form: The Case of K'ai-feng, China." 1981.
Mulla, A.,〈在蒙巴薩(肯亞)的歷史定居模式〉,1981。
Mulla, A. "Historical Settlement Patterns in Mombasa." 1981.
Kousoulas, G.,〈暗示與寓言:一個首都的格言〉,1984。
Kousoulas, G. "Allusion and Allegory: Aphorisms of a Capital." 1984.
Christofidou, E.,〈尼古西亞(賽普勒斯首都)的發展〉,1985。
Christofidou, E. "The Development of Nicosia, Capital of Cyprus." 1985.
Shah, B.,〈改變空間秩序與新國教:加德滿都,尼泊爾〉,1987。
Shah, B. "Changing Spatial Order and New Conformity: Katmandu, Nepal." 1987.
Purwono, E.,〈舊殖民城市的轉變:雅加達個案研究〉,1988。
Purwono, E. "Transformation of a Former Colonial City: A Case Study of Jakarta." 1988.
Margoles, C.,〈南非城市:解放或監禁?〉,1988。
Margoles, C. "The South African City: Emancipation or Prison?" 1988.
Wolfson, M.,〈如神話般的城市:鳳凰城,亞利桑那州〉,1989。
Wolfson, M. "City as Myth: Phoenix, Arizona." 1989.
Rojas, J.,〈東京觀察報告〉,1990。
Rojas, J. "Observations of Tokyo." 1990.
Havens, G.,〈都伯林:殖民地愛爾蘭的首都〉,1991。
Havens, G. "Dublin: Capital of Colonial Ireland." 1991.
Kanakar, A.,〈瓦拉那西:神聖的城市〉,1991。
Kanakar, A. "Varanasi: The Holy City." 1991.
Campanella, T. J.,〈荒野中的聖殿,臨海城市,格拉維森,長島,1643〉,1992。
Campanella, T. J. "Sanctuary in the Wilderness, City by the Sea, Gravesend, Long Island, 1643." 1992.
Shea, C. E.,〈撒馬爾罕:世界的鏡子〉,1993。
Shea, C. E. "Samarkand: 'Mirror of the World'." 1993.
Eastley, L.,〈摩門教社區與世俗界的建築〉,1993。
Eastley, L. "Mormon Communities and the Building of the Earthly Kingdom." 1993.
Hurley, T. C.,〈在山丘上城市的燈是熄滅的:韋倫,麻薩諸塞州〉,1994。
Hurley, T. C. "The Lights are Out in the City on the Hill: Wayland, Massachusetts." 1994.
Sarkin, G.,〈柏林十字路口-Potsdammerplatz個案研究〉,1994。
Sarkin, G. "Berlin Crossroads - The Case of Potsdammerplatz." 1994.
Kodama, T.,〈神戶港的形成〉,1995。
Kodama, T. "The Formation of Kobe." 1995.
Askalan, R.,〈貝魯特:昨日,今日與明日〉,1995。
Askalan, R. "Beirut: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow." 1995.
McHugh, E. T.,〈華沙:在城市重建中的記憶,歷史與國家認同之個案研究〉,1996。
McHugh, E. T. "Warsaw: A Study of Memory, History and National Identity in the Reconstruction of the City." 1996.
Carrera, F.,〈Campo Santa Maria Formosa,威尼斯,義大利〉,1997。
Carrera, F. "Campo Santa Maria Formosa, Venice, Italy." 1997.
(編註:「Campo Santa Maria Formosa」為義大利威尼斯之歷史中心,詳細資料可參考網站:http://www.jc-r.net/venezia/campi/campo-santa-maria-formosa-e.htm)
Kosebay, Y.,〈展現Nasuh 16世紀伊斯坦堡的語言-加拉達的微形繪畫〉,1997。
Kosebay, Y. "Representing Language of Nasuh's 16th Century Istanbul-Galata Miniature Painting." 1997.
Turkel, J.A.,〈巴洛,阿拉斯加州:在美國最不可能的城鎮〉,1998。
Turkel, J. A. "Barrow, Alaska: The Most Improbable Town in America." 1998.
Tian, L. L.,〈家庭生活在赫爾辛基城市中的概念〉,1998。
Tian, L. L. "The Concept of Home in the City of Helsinki." 1998.
Apigian, M.,〈聚合的景觀:聖地牙哥-提華納〉,1999。
Apigian, M. "Landscapes of Convergence: San Diego-Tijuana." 1999.
Mathema, K.,〈觀光與城市形式:加德滿都谷地〉,1999。
Mathema, K. "Tourism and City Form: The Kathmandu Valley." 1999.
Switzky, J.,〈舊金山的瞬間城市與「新興都市」形式的理論〉,2000。
Switzky, J. "The Instant City of San Francisco and Theories on the Form of 'Boomtowns'." 2000.
Pitts, E.,〈特領吉族村莊與住宅組織〉,2000。
Pitts, E. "Tlingit Village and House Organization." 2000.
Spencer, C.,〈城市重建:對實際形式與史堪納迪鬧區思考方式的影響〉,2001。
Spencer, C. "Urban Renewal: Its Effects on the Physical Form and Thinking of Downtown Schenectady." 2001.
Gillespie, J.,〈拉斯維加斯:神化的邊遠綠州或模範美國城市?〉,2002。
Gillespie, J. "Las Vegas: Mythical Frontier Oasis or Paradigmatic American City?" 2002.
Fergason, T.,〈Krier和Koolhaas〉,2002。
Fergason, T. "Krier & Koolhaas." 2002.
Resnick, N.,〈底特律的出軌〉,2003。
Resnick, N. "The Derailment of Detroit." 2003.
更多針對單一論點多方面深入研究
More Deeply-researched Aspects of a Topic
有更多針對論點多方面深入的研究會在授課中討論。在此,是對論點的某一方面進行批判性的檢驗,使模糊的更堅固但可激發想法,或者用報告在特定的領域來延伸自己的興趣。因此,各位必須搜尋更仔細的資訊或者以不同的方式來安排論點。以下為一些例子:
More deeply-researched aspects of a topic which has been discussed in the class lectures. Here the task is to examine an aspect of a topic critically, to solidify vague but provocative notions, or to use the paper to strengthen your own interest in a special area. You either have to find more detailed information, or be able to arrange arguments in a different way. Examples:
McFarlan III, E.,〈Alexander:語言與觀念〉,1977。
McFarlan III, E. "Alexander: The Language and the Ideology." 1977.
Polton, R.,〈社會主義與城市建構:概述與分析〉,1977。
Polton, R. "Socialism and City-making: An Overview and Analysis." 1977.
Dean, C.,〈朝向城市形式理論:科比意對阿爾及利亞城市的計劃,1930-1942〉,1978。
Dean, C. "Towards a Theory of City Form: Le Corbusier's Plans for the City of Algiers, 1930-1942." 1978.
Poodry, D.,〈社會結構與空間結構:觀察報告〉,1978。
Poodry, D. "Social Structure and Spatial Structure: Observations." 1978.
Wang, M. H.,〈在城市建構過程中結案方式的兩難困境〉,1978。
Wang, M. H. "The Ends-Means Dilemma in the City-making Process." 1978.
Shah, V.,〈印度的古老城鎮規劃原則〉,1980。
Shah, V. "Ancient Town Planning Principles in India." 1980.
Watiker, J.,〈影響早期城市發展的力量為何?〉,1988。
Watiker, J. "What Forces Influenced the Development of Early Cities?" 1988.
Unger, M.,〈在歐式脈絡中的街區〉,1981。
Unger, M. "The Block in the European Context." 1981.
Dale, J.,〈Thomas Jefferson的城市意像〉,1984。
Dale, J. "Thomas Jefferson's Image of the City." 1984.
Kim, J.,〈現代化與日常建構環境〉,1986。
Kim, J. "Modernization and the Everyday Built Environment." 1986.
Nielsen, B.,〈另一面:以性別為基礎的城市形式理論〉,1986。
Nielsen, B. "The Other Side: Gender-based Theories of City Form." 1986.
Kapadia, K.,〈都會模型本質的轉變〉,1987。
Kapadia, K. "Transformational Nature of Urban Pattern." 1987.
Tuttle, W.,〈Aldo Rossi和Leon Krier〉,1987。
Tuttle, W. "Aldo Rossi and Leon Krier." 1987.
Brady, N.,〈無限可能的城市〉,1988。
Brady, N. "Cities of Infinite Possibilities." 1988.
Sim, K.,〈統治者的街道與城市:另一個歷史〉,1988。
Sim, K. "Regent Street and the City: An Alternative History." 1988.
DeShong, M.,〈居住類型學與都市形態學:倫敦與巴黎〉,1990。
DeShong, M. "Housing Typology and Urban Morphology: London and Paris." 1990.
Kumar, S.,〈非城市」與城市形式〉,1991。
Kumar, S. "The 'Non-City' and City Form." 1991.
Vernooy, A.,〈多核城市:形式或者觀察的轉折點〉,1991。
Vernooy, A. "Polynuclear Cities: Crisis in Form or Perception." 1991.
Rashid, M.,〈混亂時代〉,1992。
Rashid, M. "Chaos Reigns." 1992.
Scheid, A.,〈Garnier和Gill〉,1993。
Scheid, A. "Garnier and Gill." 1993.
Knight, L.,〈權力的位子〉,1994。
Knight, L. "Seats of Power." 1994.
Mar, E.,〈邊界條件:不均衡的發展與流動空間〉,1995。
Mar, E. "The Border Condition: Uneven Development and the Space of Flows." 1995.
Crabtree, A.,〈人類城市〉,1996。
Crabtree, A. "The City of Man." 1996.
Moustafa, A. A.,〈摩洛哥的殖民城市規劃政策 ,1912-1923〉,1997。
Moustafa, A. A. "Colonial Planning Policies in Morocco 1912-1923." 1997.
Papaefthimiou, N.,〈開普敦、京斯敦和里約:空間分隔的個案研究〉,1998。
Papaefthimiou, N. "Cape Town, Kingston and Rio: Case Studies in Spatial Segregation." 1998.
Han, H-S.,〈可持續發展:可持續都市設計〉,1999。
Han, H-S. "Sustainable Development: Sustainable Urban Design." 1999.
Brown, R. S.,〈做為都市形式的類型學:Boston's Back Bay的都市形態學〉,2000v
Brown, R. S. "Typology as Urban Form: Urban Morphology in Boston's Back Bay." 2000.
Ho, J. C. ,〈Broadacre的暗示:Frank Lloyd Wright的郊區烏托邦〉,2001。
Ho, J. C. "The Implications of Broadacre: Frank Lloyd Wright's Suburban Utopia." 2001.
Meyer, W.,〈Malecon的社會過程〉,2002。
Meyer, W. "The Social Process of the Malecon." 2002.
Raber, C.,〈透過藝術家的眼〉,2003。
Raber, C. "Through the Eyes of an Artist." 2003.
當代形式議題
Form Issues of Today
因為它們表現出一個嶄新或創新的想法而值得書寫的當代形式議題,是現今重要爭論的部份、或者因為它們已被攤開討論故較易接近。竅門是避免大量的概略性論述並同時做得比都會新聞寫作多。以下為一些例子:
Form issues of today which are worth writing about because they represent a new or innovative idea, are part of an important current debate, or interesting because you can get close to events as they are unfolding. The trick is to avoid gross generalities and to do more than a piece of urban journalism. Examples:
Karen, V.,〈無行人環境〉,1977。
Karen, V. "Pedestrian-free Environments." 1977.
Landman, W.,〈回收郊區〉,1977。
Landman, W. "Recycling the Suburbs." 1977.
Oliver, R.,〈波士頓濱水區:作為交換系統的環境〉,1977。
Oliver, R. "The Boston Waterfront District: The Environment as an Exchange System." 1977.
Kokkoris, P.,〈比喻與形式主義〉,1979。
Kokkoris, P. "Similitude and Formalism." 1979.
Smith, T.,〈具哥倫比亞特點的公眾定居專案之孤立:佔空間的社會控制運用〉,1979。.
Smith, T. "The Isolation of the Columbia Point Public Housing Project: A Social Control Exerted Spatially." 1979.
Holleran, M.,〈作為維護議題的街道格局〉,1985。
Holleran, M. "Street Patterns as a Preservation Issue." 1985.
Wiggins, G.,〈資訊社會對城市形式上的影響〉,1988。
Wiggins, G. "The Impact of the Information Society on the Form of the City." 1988.
Robinson, R.,〈召喚的城市〉,1990。
Robinson, R. "The Evocative City." 1990.
Klein, M.,〈Nantucket:控制自己未來的島〉,1980。
Klein, M. "Nantucket: An Island Controls its Future." 1980.
Fraser-Reid, T.,〈近郊的創新傳統城鎮〉,1991。
Fraser-Reid, T. "Suburban Neo-traditional Towns." 1991.
Ahmed, I.,〈廣場大道,拉合爾〉,1991。
Ahmed, I. "The Mall Road, Lahore." 1991.
Kucan, A.,〈巴塞隆納:現代性公開展示與傳統公共空間〉,1992。
Kucan, A. "Barcelona: Spectacle of Modernity and Traditional Public Space." 1992.
Panfil, J. C.,〈步行區:近看的樣子〉,1993。
Panfil, J. C. "The Pedestrian Pocket: A Closer Look." 1993.
Slate, B. R.,〈契約與格子狀:美國朝向新郊區住宅土地開發〉,1993。
Slate, B. R. "The Covenant and the Grid: Toward New Suburban Tracts for America." 1993.
Feng, Z.,〈概念上的都市生活〉,1993。
Feng, Z. "Conceptual Urbanism." 1993.
Chew, W.,〈什麼是過去的現在中心之未來〉,1994。
Chew, W. "What is the Future of the Present Centrality of the Past." 1994.
Pollard, K.,〈Projetto Bicocca:「理智取走了城市中的形式」〉,1994。
Pollard, K. "Projetto Bicocca: 'Mind Takes Form in the City'." 1994.
Sandomire, D.,〈如記憶般的城市〉,1995。
Sandomire, D. "City as Memory." 1995.
Mukhija, V.,〈誰的城市?德里的Lefebvrian Critique〉,1996。
Mukhija, V. "Whose City is it? A Lefebvrian Critique of Delhi." 1996.
Lave, R.,〈設計改變:將人文態度轉變成自然環境〉,1997。
Lave, R. "Designing Change: Transforming Cultural Attitudes towards the Natural Environment." 1997.
Durska, M.,〈確認「正確」的都市往事:Rob Krier的Ritterstrasse住宅專案〉,1998。
Durska, M. "Affirming the 'Correct' Urban Past: Rob Krier's Ritterstrasse Housing Project." 1998.
Campos, G.,〈鄰里再現的概念〉,1999。
Campos, G. "The Re-emerging Concept of Neighborhood." 1999.
Kron, Z. M.,〈被遺棄的加油站〉,2000。
Kron, Z. M. "Abandoned Gas Stations." 2000.
Messagli, M. K.,〈網上零售與零售商:購物的社會文化特點〉,2000。
Messagli, M. K. "E-Tailing vs. Retailing: The Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Shopping." 2000.
Schupbach, J.,〈都市娛樂中心與鬧區購物〉,2002。
Schupbach, J. "Urban Entertainment Centers and Downtown Shopping." 2002.
Shorett, M.,〈心靈城市規劃:多中心北美區域計劃的命運〉,2003。
Shorett, M. "Spiritual Planning: The Fate of a Polycentric North American Regional Plan." 2003.
公共建築如何影響城市形式,或反之亦然
How Institutions Affect the Form of the City, or Vice Versa
公共建築如何影響城市形式,或反之亦然。這些是一般性的論點,需要一個對公共建築仔細的檢查以及一個將其模式化的方法、一種將實體環境概念化的方法、以及最後的一個好說明可以將其做恰當的安排。或者順序也可以顛倒。這些並不容易。有些擁有對這類議題強而有力的意見:例如,超高辦公大樓如何展現土地開發與人力資源,但卻很少展示出其令人信服的關係。以下為一些例子:
How institutions affect the form of the city, or vice versa. These are generally topics which require a careful examination of an institution and a way of modeling it, a way of conceptualizing the physical environment, and finally, a good explanation of how these fit together. Or the order can be reversed. These are not easy tasks. Some hold strong opinions about these kinds of subjects: for example, how tall office towers represent exploitation of land and human resources, but seldom demonstrate these relationships convincingly. Examples:
Calvet, L.與M. Dominguez,〈劍橋的街道:誰控制了什麼?〉,1978。
Calvet, L., and M. Dominguez. "The Streets of Cambridge: Who Controls What?" 1978.
Jaster, S.,〈海灘,控制與種族衝突〉,1978。
Jaster, S. "Beaches, Control, and Racial Conflict." 1978.
Mazumdar, S.,〈波斯建築中的控制概念〉,1978。
Mazumdar, S. "The Concept of Control in Persian Architecture." 1978.
Ozonoff, T.,〈公共衛生與城市形式:初期,1630-1799〉,1981。
Ozonoff, T. "Public Health and City Form: The Early Period, 1630-1799." 1981.
Lou, E.,〈做為社會控制工具的公眾住宅:新加坡〉,1983。
Lou, E. "Public Housing as a Means of Social Control: Singapore." 1983.
Fischler, R.,〈建築與文化產物:十字形與旗幟-在巴西利亞的設計與政治〉,1985。
Fischler, R. "Architecture and Cultural Production: The Cross and the Banner - Design and Politics in Brasilia." 1985.
Moustafa, A. A.,〈摩洛哥的殖民城市計畫策略,1912-1923〉,1987。
Moustafa, A. A. "Colonial Planning Policies in Morocco, 1912-1923." 1987.
Pradhan, G.,〈意識形態與城市形式間的關係:德里個案〉,1987。
Pradhan, G. "The Relationship between Ideology and City Form: The Case of Delhi." 1987.
Vale, L.,〈新首都城市的政治與形式〉,1987。
Vale, L. "Politics and the Form of New Capital Cities." 1987.
Smith, T. E.,〈三個城市的傳說:異常行為的控制與城市形式〉,1988。
Smith, T. E. "The Tale of Three Cities: The Control of Deviance and City Form." 1988.
Rea, C. B.,〈希望與絕望的遺產:底特律〉,1990。
Rea, C. B. "A Legacy of Hope and Despair: Detroit." 1990.
Shimshoni, A.,〈尼吉夫的貝多因人:形式與政治〉,1990。
Shimshoni, A. "The Bedouin of the Negev: Form and Politics." 1990.
Sherman, M. E.,〈向兒童學習城市形式〉,1991。
Sherman, M. E. "Learning City Form from Children." 1991.
Landaeta, A. R.,〈社會主義是否為反都市生活?哈瓦那案例〉,1994。
Landaeta, A. R. "Is Socialism Anti-urban? The Case of la Habana." 1994.
Sass, L.,〈非裔美國人城市的理論〉,1994。
Sass, L. "The Theory of an African American City." 1994.
Yi, E-S.,〈都市邏輯與神聖方向(註:「the Oibla」意為回教徒朝向聖城麥加祈禱的方向)〉,1995。
Yi, E-S. "The Urban Logic and the Qibla." 1995.
Mani, M.,〈移動範例與短暫當權對城市形式的影響:研究海得拉巴,印度〉,1996。
Mani, M. "Shifting Paradigms and the Influence of Temporal Authority on City Form: A Study of Hyderabad, India." 1996.
Tulay, S.,〈精神病患的安置:來自城市的道德靜修所〉,1997。
Tulay, S. "Institutionalizing the Mentally Ill: A Moral Retreat from the City." 1997.
Smith, C. A.,〈展示與公共空間〉,1998。
Smith, C. A. "Performance and Public Space." 1998.
Kim, D.,〈如何在正方形中劃一條直線:察看中央廣場〉,2000。
Kim, D. "How to Make a Straight Line into a Square: An Examination of Central Square." 2000.
Liao, N. H.,〈研究在芝加哥做為種族識別的都市標誌製造〉,2000。
Liao, N. H. "Investigating Urban Sign Making as Ethnic Identity in Chicago." 2000.
Muntean, D.,〈在奧匈帝國統治下的塞拉耶佛(1878-1914):帝國的改革與對城市形式的影響〉,2001。
Muntean, D. "Sarajevo under the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1878-1914): The Empire's Reforms and their Impact on the City Form." 2001.
Yaden, R.,〈美國的州際公路與城市設計〉,2002。
Yaden, R. "Interstate Highways and City Design in the United States." 2002.
Hodges, C.,〈公眾教育與可觀的成長〉,2003。
Hodges, C. "Public Education and Smart Growth." 2003.