可壓縮流體動力學的基礎原理及其在內、外部流中的應用。准一維槽道流，擴展流動，以及在噴嘴、擴散段和入口處對多維流動的分析。在亞聲速、超聲速、跨聲速、高超聲速飛行、激波和旋渦流動中，可壓縮流體與空氣動力外形相互作用所引起的力、力矩，以及能量損失。非穩態可壓縮流動中的擾動現象。


學習目的

學生應能：

1. 描述各種假設和各項物理意義；應用可壓縮流、音速、等熵和非等熵流動、勢流和有旋流動中的重要關係；
2. 能夠計算面積變化、軸功、熱量增加、質量增加及摩擦對可壓縮槽道流流動狀態的影響，其中包括對品質流量和流態的影響；
3. 能夠定量描述非穩態可壓縮流中速度場和密度不均勻的表現特徵，包括其在流體系統組成中的演變；
4. 能估算可壓縮無粘流中，基本空氣動力外形的升力和阻力。

學習成果

學生應能：

1. 針對連續流體，描述運動方程中所做的各種假設，以及各項物理意義；
2. 定量地定義准一維槽道流理論的適用範圍；
3. 定量地定義流體為"可壓縮"的含義；
4. 定量地定義在槽道內渦和非均勻流對單位面積最大流量的影響；
5. 解釋超聲速擴散管及超聲速進風口的起動過程。
6. 定量描述在超聲速流動中流動角度與壓力變化的聯繫，及其在亞聲速流動中的不同；
7. 定義可壓縮流中各種不連續類型的產生條件及其對流動狀態的影響；
8. 描述渦量生成和激波強度中梯度的運算式，並解釋二者之間的聯繫；
9. 採用特徵線法分析多種內流和外流：翼型，進風口，噴管和射流。
10. 採用特徵線法設計最佳進風口、噴管和風洞
11. 定義應用於可壓縮流的相似原理；
12. 計算在可壓縮無粘流中簡單空氣動力外形的升力和阻力。

測驗/問題集

大約有6個問題集，一次期中口試和一次期末口試


講師

Z. S. Spakovszky教授
W. L. Harris教授　


課堂練習

每週兩節課，每節1.5小時。

Fundamentals of compressible fluid dynamics and application to external and internal flows. Quasi-one-dimensional channel flow, extensions, and analysis of multi-dimensional flows in nozzles, diffusers, and inlets. Forces, moments, and loss generation resulting from compressible fluid flow interactions with aerodynamic shapes in subsonic, supersonic, transonic, and hypersonic flight, shock waves, and vortices. Disturbance behavior in unsteady compressible flow.


Learning Objectives

Students will be able to:

1. Describe assumptions, physical meaning of terms and to utilize key relationships for compressible flow, speed of sound, isentropic and non-isentropic flows, and potential and rotational flows;
2. Calculate the effect of area change, shaft work, heat addition, mass addition and friction on flow states in a compressible channel flow, including effects on mass flow capacity and flow regime;
3. Characterize quantitatively the behavior of velocity and density non-uniformities in an unsteady compressible flow including their evolution in fluid system components;
4. Estimate the lift and drag for basic aerodynamic shapes in compressible, inviscid flows.

Measurable Outcomes

Students will be able to:

1. Describe the assumptions and physical meaning of terms in the equations of motion for continuum flow;
2. Define quantitatively the regimes of applicability of quasi-one-dimensional channel flow theory;
3. Define quantitatively what it means for a flow to be considered "compressible";
4. Define quantitatively effects of swirl and flow non-uniformity on maximum flow per unit area in a channel;
5. Explain the starting behavior of supersonic diffusers and inlets;
6. Characterize quantitatively the links between flow angle and pressure changes in a supersonic flow and the differences with subsonic flows;
7. Define the conditions for, and effect on flow state of the different types of discontinuities that occur in a compressible flow;
8. Describe expressions for and explain the link between vorticity generation and gradients in shock strength;
9. Use the Method of Characteristics to analyze a variety of internal and external flows: airfoils, inlets, nozzles, and jet flows;
10. Use the Method of Characteristics to design optimum inlets, nozzles, and wind tunnels;
11. Define the similarity principles that apply to compressible flows;
12. Calculate the lift and drag over simple aerodynamic shapes in compressible, inviscid flows.

Quizzes/Problem Sets

There are approximately six problem sets, an oral mid term exam, and an oral final exam.


Lecturers

Prof. Z. S. Spakovszky
Prof. W. L. Harris


Class Exercises

The lectures are held twice a week for 1.5 hours per session.