教學大綱

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審定：無
翻譯：張心寧(簡介並寄信)
編輯：陳玉侖(簡介並寄信)

課程目標

學習目標

有能力建立理想化的動力模型（質點與剛體），並且能夠運用牛頓力學來預測模型對於外力之反應。更具體地說，能夠使學生：

描述並且預測，在慣性與非慣性之觀察者所看見的運動；
了解中心力運動；
了解二維剛體運動之基本定理；
推導三維剛體之運動方程式；
了解諧波振盪器之線性理論。

可見之成果：

能選擇且使用適當的座標系統來描述質點之運動；
能使用過渡之參考座標系描述質點運動，而此座標系可以對另一座標系產生相對運動（包括旋轉）；
能在加速座標系中推導動力模型；
能辨認且運用動量／或能量守恆（此乃由整體之運動方程式所推得）；
利用二維之軌道力學分析太空軌跡；
於物體嵌合之主軸座標中（Body-fitted principal axes）（譯者註：即與物體無相對運動之座標系）使用尤拉（Euler）方程式；
模擬並且分析簡單阻尼或無阻尼之振動情形。

評分方法：

測驗、家庭作業、實驗報告和課堂參與（PRS，個人即時回應系統。）

指定作業與評分方式：

本課程將會指派11次的課後習題，3次的實作報告與2次測驗（在期中考當週沒有課後習題）。課後習題應在星期三的上午11點於課堂上繳交。實作報告應於星期五之上午11點於課堂上繳交。逾期者將不受理。測驗方面，有一次期中測驗與期末能力測驗。

習題方面，每題需寫於不同之紙上，若需超過一張者，請裝訂後再行送交。另外，每一張習題紙皆須寫上您的大名。

實作報告會牽涉到飛行器運動之模擬，所以需要使用軟體－MATLAB®。基於此，本課程將會要求您繳交MATLAB®原始碼之電子檔。習題要求的推演過程與圖表須以書面方式於到期日交繳，但程式原始碼則不需要。

以下所示為各項成績所佔比例之列表。

評分項目	所佔比例
課後習題	32%
PRS（個人回應系統）參與狀況	3%
實作報告	15%
期中測驗	20%
期末測驗	30%

以下節錄自麻省理工學院之評分規則，且此規則將會被嚴格執行。

麻省理工學院之成績計算並非以原始分數及其分布函數情形而一成不變，也就是說，成績不是僅以既定的百分比來核定。由以下成績評定說明可知，該課程學習資料之了解程度直接關係到學生個人成績，而非同儕間之相對表現。在決定一位學生之成績時，學生所呈現之傑出程度、創造性、想像力與原創性皆會被適當地採用而納入評分標準。

合格成績：

大學部與研究所的學生，於期限內順利完成本科目的作業，則會得到以下的成績等第之一：

A優等－在該科主題上展現過人的理解能力，在概念與對於延伸知識建立紮實的基礎，並且對於課堂呈現之概念與資料能運用自如。
B佳－能夠適當地運用該科主題之觀念並且有一定的了解程度，有能力處理該科目上所遭遇之問題。
C可－對於該科有足夠之了解，能夠掌握一些相對上較簡單之問題，且對於修習該領域更進階之課程擁有足夠之準備。
D尚可－對於該科有最基本的部分熟悉度，能夠處理相對上較簡易之問題，但是若無額外的努力，其能力明顯不足以選修該領域中的進階課程。

小組合作

小組合作，諸如將問題具體地概念化、定義如何著手於問題之解決方案、或找出程式碼中的錯誤等，只要註明，皆是容許且受到鼓勵的。而剽竊，如抄襲某人之解法，或拷貝MATLAB®之程式碼皆不被允許。繳交之作業必須完全出自於自己之手，若假借修改某人程式碼，使其變為自己之用，是完全不被接受的。

若選擇與其他同學合力完成作業問題或是實作報告，則請註明他們的名字與你們共同作業的性質，並且確認該同學也將在作業上註明你的名字。違反這些規定者將以《麻省理工學院學策方針與程序》第10.2節處置。

參考書目：

這堂課並沒有必須的教科書，但需在上課前閱讀本課堂講稿。

這堂課於講稿之外的主要參考書目，同時有些很棒的範例也是出自於該書：

Meriam, J. L.和 L. G. Kraige.《工程力學：動力學》第五版New York: Wiley, December 28, 2001. ISBN: 0471406457.

推薦以下書目作為額外的資料來源：

Kleppner, D.和 R. J. Kolenkow.《力學導論》第一版. New York: McGraw-Hill, March 1, 1973. ISBN: 0070350485.
Harrison, H. R., and T. Nettleton.《進階工程動力學》London: Arnold, 1997. ISBN: 0340645717.
Hartog, J. P. Den.《力學》 New York: Dover, June 1, 1942. ISBN: 0486607542.
---《機械振動》第四版. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956. ASIN: B0006AUAGS.
Hibbeler, R. C.《工程力學：靜力學與動力學》第九版. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall, December 15, 2001. ISBN: 0130200069.

點這裡參閱完整的MATLAB® 之參考資料。

Course Objectives

Learning Objective

Be able to construct idealized (particle and rigid body) dynamical models and predict model response to applied forces using Newtonian mechanics. More specifically:

Describe and predict the motion experienced by inertial and non-inertial observers
Understand central force motion
Understand the basic principles of 2D Rigid Body Motion
Formulate the equations of Motion of 3D Rigid Bodies
Understand linear theory of harmonic oscillators

Measurable Outcomes

To be able to select and use an appropriate coordinate system to describe particle motion
To be able to describe particle motion using intermediate reference frames, which can be in relative motion (including rotation) with respect to each other
To be able to formulate dynamic models in accelerating frames
To be able to identify and exploit situations in which integrated forms of the equations of motion, yielding conservation of momentum and/or energy, can be used
Utilize 2-body orbital mechanics to analyze space trajectories
Utilize Euler's equations in body-fitted principal axes
Model and analyze simple problems involving vibration with and without damping

Assessment Methods

Tests, homework problems, laboratory assignments, and class participation (PRS).

Assignments and Grading

There will be 11 problem sets (no problem set is due the week of the midterm exam), 3 laboratory assignments and 2 tests. Problem sets are due Wednesday at 11 am in class and laboratory assignments are due on Fridays at 11 am in class. Late assignments will not be accepted. There will be one midterm exam and a comprehensive final exam.

Each homework problem must be on a separate sheet of paper. If you need more than one sheet you should staple them together. Each sheet must contain your name.

The laboratory assignments involve simulation of aircraft motion and require the use of MATLAB®. You will be required to turn-in some of your MATLAB® code electronically. The required derivations and the requested plots need to be turned in on paper on the due date. The code is not to be turned-in on paper.

The grades are composed as shown in the table below.

ACTIVITIES	PERCENTAGES
Problem Sets	32%
PRS Participation	3%
Laboratory Assignments	15%
Midterm Test	20%
Final Exam	30%

An excerpt of the MIT grading rules is given below and it will be strictly followed.

Grades at MIT are not rigidly related to any numerical scores or distribution functions, that is, grades are not awarded solely according to predetermined percentages. As can be seen from the following grade descriptions, a student's grade in a subject is related more directly to the student's mastery of the material than to the relative performance of his or her peers. In determining a student's grade, consideration is given for elegance of presentation, creativity, imagination, and originality where these may appropriately be called for.

Passing Grades

Undergraduate and graduate students who satisfactorily complete the work of a subject by the end of the term receive one of the following grades:

A - Exceptionally good performance demonstrating a superior understanding of the subject matter, a foundation of extensive knowledge, and a skillful use of concepts and/or materials
B - Good performance demonstrating capacity to use the appropriate concepts, a good understanding of the subject matter, and an ability to handle the problems and materials encountered in the subject
C - Adequate performance demonstrating an adequate understanding of the subject matter, an ability to handle relatively simple problems, and adequate preparation for moving on to more advanced work in the field
D - Minimally acceptable performance demonstrating at least partial familiarity with the subject matter and some capacity to deal with relatively simple problems, but also demonstrating deficiencies serious enough to make it inadvisable to proceed further in the field without additional work

Collaboration

Collaboration, such as working with others to conceptualize a problem, define approaches to the solution, or debug code, is allowed and encouraged as long as it is identified. Plagiarism, such as copying someone else's solution or MATLAB® code, is not allowed. The write-ups must always be your own. Modifying someone else's code to make it your "own" is unacceptable.

If you choose to collaborate with other students on the homework problems or the laboratory assignments, indicate their names and the nature of your joint work. Ensure that your collaborator does the same on his/her assignment. Violations of these guidelines will be dealt with as per section 10.2 of the MIT Policies and Procedures.

References

There are no required textbooks for the class. However you should read the lecture notes before coming to the class.

The main reference book for the course beyond the lecture notes and a good source for example problems is:

Meriam, J. L., and L. G. Kraige. Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics. 5th ed. New York: Wiley, December 28, 2001. ISBN: 0471406457.

The following books are also recommended as additional resources:

Kleppner, D., and R. J. Kolenkow. An Introduction to Mechanics. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, March 1, 1973. ISBN: 0070350485.
Harrison, H. R., and T. Nettleton. Advanced Engineering Dynamics. London: Arnold, 1997. ISBN: 0340645717.
Hartog, J. P. Den. Mechanics. New York: Dover, June 1, 1942. ISBN: 0486607542.
———. Mechanical Vibrations. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956. ASIN: B0006AUAGS.
Hibbeler, R. C. Engineering Mechanics: Statics And Dynamics. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall, December 15, 2001. ISBN: 0130200069.

A complete MATLAB® reference is available here.