182.626 熱帶環境衛生(Tropical Environmental Health)

本頁翻譯進度 燈號說明

審定：無 翻譯：劉至瑾(簡介並寄信) 編輯：陳玉侖(簡介並寄信)

課程描述

在地球上的許多地方，水供給不足及缺乏衛生設備是危害公共衛生的主要之源。儘管有國際供水十年(1980-1990)計畫，計畫實行後比實行前有更多的人沒有設備可得到最基本的飲水標準。 這些地區沒有改善的話， 第三世界國家的衛生就不會有全面性改善的希望。 然而現有技術的終將解決這些問題。 可用村莊的方法來建造且維護一些簡單且低成本的工程。 這些方法已經使用於一些國家且為世界上比較貧窮的人們提供改善生活水平的基礎。 這是門實用的課程， 課程設計說明實際的建造細節， 提供有關於公共廁所的通風設備以及簡單幫浦原理的基本機械知識。 在課程最後， 你會對於這些東西是怎麼運作的以及該如何維護這些東西有清楚的概念。

在這堂課程中， 我們將會討論開發中國家因為缺少設備所引發的問題。 我們也將檢驗與固體廢棄物相關問題和看看問題的嚴重性。 最後將提出一些建議來改善這些問題…真正解決方法為數並不多…

Inadequate water supplies and lack of sanitation facilities represent major hazards to the public health in many parts of the world. In spite of the International Water Supply Decade, (1980-1990) there are more people without facilities approaching minimum standards now than existed at the beginning of the program. Without improvements in these areas, there can be no hope that there will be an overall improvement in the health of the nations which constitute the Third World. Yet appropriate technologies do exist which can go a long way to ameliorate these problems. Simple, low cost projects can be built and maintained by village-based methods. These are being used in some countries and provide a basis for the improvement of living standards for the poorer people of the world. This is a practical course designed to demonstrate actual details of construction and provide a working knowledge of simple mechanisms involved in ventilating latrines and also on how simple pumps work. You should end with a good idea about how these tings work and how they can be maintained.

During this class we will be discussing some of the problems arising from poor facilities in many developing countries. We will examine problems associated with solid waste disposal and see the enormity of the problem. We will come up with some suggestions about how to ameliorate the problems... There are few real solutions....