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還真不可思議。Ellis院長、各位嘉賓、全體教職員、家屬、朋友,以及2015年畢業生,我無法表達對你們慷慨邀請的感激之情。十分感謝你們邀請我參加今天的畢業典禮,三年前我從未想過能有這樣的機會,謝謝、謝謝、謝謝。(歡呼聲)(掌聲)
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About this Talk
Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel to Grads: ‘This Is the World We Were Born Into, and We Are Responsible for It.’
About the Speaker
Evan Thomas Spiegel (born June 4, 1990) is an American Internet entrepreneur who is the co-founder and CEO of the mobile application Snapchat.
Transcript
Dean Ellis, honored guests, faculty, family, friends, and the Class of 2015: I cannot begin to express my gratitude for your generosity. Thank you so much for inviting me to join you in celebrating your graduation day! Three years ago I could never have comprehended such an opportunity. Thank you, thank you, thank you.
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大約三年前的今天,我坐在你們所坐的地方。我坐在一張折疊椅上,就像那張椅子。我穿著禮袍禮帽,等著上台,但我沒有畢業。他們跟我握手、替我拍照後,遞給我一個空文件夾。你們知道,史丹佛讓你全程「走」完畢業典禮,即使你並未真正達到取得文憑的要求。你得假裝畢業,就像其他畢業生一樣,即使並非如此。學校為了尚未完成學位要求的學生開了暑修班,我參加了暑修,因為我感到尷尬,我不想被排除在畢業典禮之外。我能怎麼做?留在宿舍裡旁觀所有朋友湧進體育場將禮帽扔向空中?因此我坐在烈日下,聽Cory Booker講了一場感覺很長的演講,然後向一路趕來史丹佛觀賞我「畢不了業」的家人揮手。順便打個招呼:嗨,老媽!
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About three years ago today I was right where you are. I was sitting in a folding chair, just like that one, wearing my cap and gown, waiting to walk on stage. But I wasn’t graduating. When they shook my hand and took my picture, they handed me an empty folder. You see at Stanford they let you “walk” through graduation even if you haven’t actually finished the requirements necessary to receive your diploma. You get to pretend you are graduating just like everyone else, even though you aren’t. The University had created this alternative for students who were using the summer term to finish up their degrees. I was using it because I was embarrassed, and I didn’t want to be left out of the celebration. What was I going to do? Stay in my dorm room while all of my friends processed into the stadium and tossed their caps into the air without me? So I sat in the hot sun and listened to Cory Booker speak for what felt like quite a while, and I waved to my family who had traveled all the way to watch me not graduate. By the way, hi Mom!
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直到最近準備這場演講時,我才想起這整個過程多麼荒謬。它提醒我,我們經常做各種愚蠢的事,只為了避免與眾不同。趨同性產生的如此自然,我們幾乎忘了它的力量多麼強大。我們想得到同儕的認可,我們想成為團體的一分子,這是我們的天性。但人類之所以不同於其他動物,在於當我們傾聽靈魂的聲音時,能允許自己被引導至另一個方向。趨同性具有強大吸引力且普遍存在,因此已被研究了很長一段時間。事實證明有兩件事能顯著降低團體的趨同性,其一是獨立的反對意見,其二是與團體其他成員私下溝通的能力。政府給予我們隱私及言論自由的權利,希望我們能減少趨同性。民主的目的並非在於促進主流思想,而在於保護不同的聲音。正如甘迺迪總統所言:「趨同性是自由的枷鎖與成長的敵人。」
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It only recently occurred to me, while preparing this address, how totally absurd this whole charade was. It reminded me that oftentimes we do all sorts of silly things to avoid appearing different. Conforming happens so naturally that we can forget how powerful it is – we want to be accepted by our peers – we want to be a part of the group. It’s in our biology. But the things that make us human are those times we listen to the whispers of our soul and allow ourselves to be pulled in another direction. Conformity is so fascinating and so pervasive that it has been studied for a very long time. It turns out there are two things that can dramatically reduce conformity in a group setting. The first is a single dissenting voice. The second is the ability to communicate privately with other members of the group. Our government gives us the right to privacy and the right to express ourselves freely in the hope that we might mitigate conformity. Democracy wasn’t designed to promote popular thought. It was architected to protect dissent. For, as President Kennedy said, “Conformity is the jailer of freedom and the enemy of growth.”
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我最近迷上一個關於美國偉大藝術作品的故事,故事主角是鮑勃.羅森柏格。當時他是個年輕藝術家,前去拜訪他的偶像,你知道-他相當喜愛那個傢伙,心情十分緊張,抓著一瓶傑克丹尼藉酒打氣。事實上他的目的不僅是拜訪,他有求於比爾.德庫寧,他想向比爾.德庫寧求一幅畫。比爾.德庫寧不是傻子,他知道羅森柏格真正的目的,因為羅森柏格最近一直在試驗自己的作品。他不斷創作繪畫,然後把它除去,但這對鮑勃.羅森柏格來說並不足夠,因為鮑勃.羅森柏格想除去的不僅是自己的作品,他還想除去心目中英雄的作品。因此德庫寧答應這個要求,但他不慌不忙,他折磨這名年輕藝術家,在工作室裡慢條斯理地尋找一幅心目中最完美的作品。他不願隨意選擇一幅作品,他想尋找一幅真正喜愛的傑作。最後他選了一幅相當難除去的畫作,由一層又一層鉛白和木炭繪製的畫作。他大方地給了鮑勃.羅森柏格那幅畫,鮑勃花了將近兩個月才除去那幅畫,但賈斯培.瓊斯替那幅畫裱框,還替它取了一個標題:《擦掉德庫寧的畫作 作者鮑勃.羅森柏格》。賈斯培.瓊斯意識到,在除去德庫寧畫作的過程中,鮑勃.羅森柏格已創造了某些新的東西,創造了屬於他的藝術作品。
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I recently fell in love with a story about a great piece of American art. It’s about Bob Rauschenberg. When he was a young artist, he went to visit his idol Bill de Kooning. He was terribly nervous, clutching a bottle of Jack Daniels, for liquid courage, because he wasn’t just visiting. He was there to ask de Kooning for one of his drawings. Bill de Kooning knew just what he was up to – Rauschenberg had recently been experimenting with his own work. He had been creating paintings and then erasing them. But that wasn’t enough. He didn’t want to erase his own work, he wanted to erase the work of his hero. So de Kooning obliged but he took his time, torturing the young artist as he wandered around the studio selecting a piece. He wanted to find a piece that he really loved. As he thumbed through his portfolios, he found one that was particularly hard to erase, comprised of layers of lead and charcoal. He gave it to Rauschenberg. According to Bob, it took nearly two months to erase the drawing. It was Jasper Johns who framed the drawing and gave it a title, “Erased de Kooning by Bob Rauschenberg.” It was Jasper Johns who recognized that in the process of erasing de Kooning’s drawing, Rauschenberg had in fact created something new, his own work of art.
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我喜愛這個故事,因為比爾.德庫寧謙卑地意識到,我們所能做的最偉大的事,就是盡可能替後繼者提供最好的基礎,我們必須歡迎那些擦掉我們作品的人。
我提出一個最常見的問題:為何不出售你的公司?它甚至賺不了錢。這是潮流,你可以登上大船(找到靠山),人人都喜歡大船,你到底有什麼問題?我現在相信,瞭解你所做的是否是對自己來說真正重要的事,最快的方式就是找人用一大筆錢把它買下來。其中的好處是,無論你是否出售,你將學到一些對你本身而言相當有價值的事。如果你決定出售,你會立刻知道這並非你真正的夢想;如果拒絕出售,你或許會有所作為,也許你將展開一段有意義的旅程。但即使你選擇出售,也不必難過,千萬別停下腳步。我是指,我們確實能出售我們的第一家公司,但沒人願意買。當我們決定不出售我們的公司,除了「瘋狂」以外,人們還用很多字眼形容我們,例如「傲慢」、「自我」,人們也一再用同樣字眼形容我們這一代-千禧世代、自我世代。這是事實,我們確實擁有權利意識、主人翁意識,因為畢竟這是我們降生的世界,我們對它有責任。
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I love this story because Bill de Kooning had the humility to recognize that the greatest thing we can do is provide the best possible foundation for those who come after us. We must welcome our own erasure. I’m asked one question most often: “Why didn’t you sell your business? It doesn’t even make money. It’s a fad. You could be on a boat right now. Everyone loves boats. What’s wrong with you?” I am now convinced that the fastest way to figure out if you are doing something truly important to you is to have someone offer you a bunch of money to part with it. The best thing is that no matter whether or not you sell, you will learn something very valuable about yourself. If you sell, you will know immediately that it wasn’t the right dream anyways. And if you don’t sell you’re probably onto something. Maybe you have the beginning of something meaningful. Don’t feel bad if you sell out. Just don’t stop there. I mean shucks, we would have sold our first company, for sure. But no one wanted to buy it. When we decided not to sell our business people called us a lot of things besides crazy – things like arrogant and entitled. The same words that I’ve heard used to describe our generation time and time again. The Millennial Generation. The “Me” Generation. Well, it’s true. We do have a sense of entitlement, a sense of ownership, because, after all, this is the world we were born into, and we are responsible for it.
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關於《擦掉德庫寧的畫作》,有趣的是,它是非賣品,它被妥善收藏在舊金山現代藝術博物館。它相當有藝術價值,卻沒有任何標價。
你已擁有追尋夢想所需的一切籌碼,如果遇上阻礙,網路上有大量免費資訊可以參考。對自己以及你將成為的人有信心,明白你有能力獲得他人和你對自己所期待的成長。你將解決未來旅途中的每一個挑戰,如果無法解決,絕不是因為你不曾嘗試。總會有人對你有意見,無論你怎麼做都不夠,因此尋找對你真正重要的事,尋找你真正喜愛的事。你或許會犯很多錯,我已經犯了太多錯,有些眾所皆知,感覺很可怕,但總會否極泰來,只要盡快道歉並祈求原諒。
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The funny thing about “Erased DeKooning” is that it isn’t for sale. It’s safe and sound in the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. It’s tremendously valuable, but it bears no price. You already have inside of you all of the amazing things you need to follow the dreams that you have. And if you get stuck along the way there’s a ton of free information available on the Internet. Have faith in yourself and the person you are going to become. Know that you are capable of all of the growth that will be expected of you and that you expect for yourself. You will tackle every challenge headed your way – and if you don’t – it won’t be for lack of trying. Someone will always have an opinion about you. Whatever you do won’t ever be enough. So find something important to you. Find something that you love. You are going to make a lot of mistakes. I’ve already made a ton of them – some of them very publicly – and it will feel terrible, but it will be okay. Just apologize as quickly as you can and pray for forgiveness.
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離開校園後,你將面臨巨大的挑戰:一份全職工作。最困難的部分是逐漸習慣解決沒有答案的問題。絕望時,你或許會相信憤世嫉俗者所說的:一個人無法改變世界。有時或許很難看見你所造成的影響,我請你們記住,我們不可能在此刻或任何時刻知道我們努力的最終結果,那是上帝的事。
請表達你的聲音,期待擦除你作品的人,找出你不願出售的東西。恭喜2015年畢業生,加油!
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When you leave, here you’re going to face a great challenge: a full-time job. The hardest part is going to be getting used to solving problems that don’t yet have answers. In times of despair, you may believe the cynic who tells you that one person cannot make a difference – and there are times it may be hard to see your own impact. I beg you to remember that it is not possible at this time or any time to know the end results of our efforts. That is for our God alone. Please voice your dissent, anticipate your erasure, and find something you aren’t willing to sell. Congratulations to the class of 2015! Go get ‘em!