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| Globalization of Science: Opportunities for Competitive Advantage from Science in China, India and Beyond |
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讲者：
Fiona Murray
Class of 1922 Career Development Associate Professor
Affiliated Professor, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology
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关于本次演讲：
When Fiona Murray visited research centers in China recently, scientists greeted her quizzically: "People were baffled about what a business school professor was doing in stem cell and gene sequencing labs," Murray says.
As it turns out, Murray's tour was integral to her own MIT Sloan research exploring how science serves as a source of competitive advantage. As China and India and other developing countries produce scientists and engineers at a quickening pace, Murray hopes to find out if their capacity to capitalize on scientific ideas is expanding in a comparable way.
One challenge to this kind of research, says Murray, is that the market for scientific ideas "is poorly functioning." Traditional markets, say for pork bellies, oil or diamonds have well-defined products, well-established metrics," but how do you measure the quality of scientific ideas?
Murray's solution is to visit key scientific and engineering institutes in other countries to observe both scientific infrastructure -- the physical state of laboratories -- and how researchers collaborate and generate useful knowledge. She also scans the scientific literature to see how many papers a particular country publishes, in what subdisciplines, and how many citations scientists receive.
Murray's work may aid commercial enterprises intent on taking advantage of growing global scientific and engineering expertise. Some initial insights: places like China and India hold tremendous potential for firms, whether through their permissive regulatory climates or unique natural resources. But, she advises, don't enter one of these countries expecting to hire scientists at bargain basement prices, since "the real costs of scientific labor are hidden." Also, expect poor lab facilities, enormous bureaucracies and a crazy quilt of intellectual property and licensing rules.
Counsels Murray, "Start by collaborating on R&D with research institutes and labs. That allows you to understand their expertise, social rules of engagement and to potentially shape the rules."
关于讲者：
Fiona Murray studies and teaches innovation and entrepreneurship with an emphasis on the life science sector. Her research examines how growing economic incentives, particularly intellectual property, influence the rate and direction of scientific progress among academic scientists. She also has a large project that uses modern bioinformatics methods to examine the patent landscape of the human genome and its implications for commercialization of genetics research. This research was recently published in Science.
Murray attended the University of Oxford, where she received both a B.A. and M.A. in Chemistry. At Harvard University, she earned her M.S. in Engineering Sciences in 1992, and a Ph.D. in Applied Sciences in 1996.
Murray's MIT profile
关于影片（影片时间索引）：影片长度为 54:20.
Fiona Murray takes questions at 22:52, 32:19, and 48:00.
以上资料为本影片上传至 MITWORLD 网站上当时所获知的资讯。此影片上传日为： 2006-09-19.
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