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一般资讯

授课教师：
Steven Eppinger教授
Daniel Whitney博士
Matt Kressy先生
Thomas Roemer教授
Clifford Whitcomb博士
Ali Yassine博士
助教：Ingrid Huang

课程目标

整合产业的营销、设计和制造等活动开发新产品，是产品设计与开发的焦点。修课的同学将获得以下收获：

• 娴熟产品设计与开发的工具和方法。
• 开发新产品的自信心。
• 了解开发新产品所必须兼顾各种功能的角色(例如：营销、财务规划、工业设计、工程、生产)。
• 学习协调与完成多重与跨领域任务的能力，以达成共同目标。
• 透过实作导向的练习和反省，从其他课程强化某些特定知识。

课程要求

这是一个十二单元的硕士班课程，本课程的设计，同学每周需要投入12个小时。课程需要预习和全程参与，以及小组专题按部就班、持续努力。专题型课程，经常会引发同学高度专题期望，比老师所要求的付出更多时间。，老师鼓励这样的热情，不过只要每周平均付出12小时就不会处罚。这堂课只要上课前稍加预习，并且渐进地累积付出，学期末完成专题，负担算还可以。

完整学习

产品开发团队需要广泛尽情地分享资讯，因此强烈鼓励在课程各方面，完整的小组和班级合作。

阅读教材

本课程的主要阅读教材是吾尔利奇和爱朋格教授(Profs. Ulrich and Eppinger)共同编著的《Product design and development》和阅读计划表。课本可以在MIT书店、MIT出版社或是网络书店买到，阅读计划表则可以在MIT复印科技中心买到。另外随堂讲义将在上课时发放。

译注：

预习和上课成绩

每课程单元都有指定阅读，上课前须准备好指定阅读的讨论以及提出相关的问题建议，课堂讨论的表现将作为个人的上课参与成绩。

专题

在这门课专题设计的部分中，你的挑战是要设计出一件新的产品，并且制作出产品模型。这个练习的目的是为了让同学在真实情境中学习产品开发的原理和方法。大部分的产品开发经常因为时间压力过大，在开发的过程中并没有机会去反省；这堂课程相对上，有充分的时间让同学实验和学习。专题的点子分别由班上的同学和赞助产商所提供的机会。专题计划的程序纳入在教学大纲的“专题时程表”部分介绍，专题制作的规范介绍如下:

分组方式

由同学依照个人喜好，在第二个礼拜选择组别(详见“专题时程”)。每组七位同学，学期中不换组。

专题教材和花费

因为课程专题的零用金基金有限，所以每组只分配 $1000 预算。请购和核销的方式和表格请见课程网页的"课程购买须知"文件。超出预算的部份，要由小组自行吸收。

译注：课程网页 http://web.mit.edu/15.783j/www/

知识产权

课程上任何发明的智财权，组员得以保留。小组可以自行申请专利，或是"分享"给学校，和学校共享权利，学校乐于将发明专利化。专题利得的分配方式，请小组成员要在前几次小组会议，花点时间讨论和决定。专题作业将是(产品开发)概念的演变历程。

专题规范

专题选择请符合所有以下规范，特殊案例则需要商议。

• 市场性—专题产品要有可以验证的市场。找到符合相同需求的现存产品市场，是一个确认市场需求的好方法。产品不用是现存产品的改版，但是所诉求的市场要够明确、有根据。产品可以没有极大的商业潜力，但是至少对相关产品有生产或有技术的公司要有吸引力。
• 产品性—课程将提到很多服务和软件产品的观念(例如，客户需要、产品架构)，也有很多不是(例如：易制性设计)。然而本课程开发的产品，还是以实体商品为主而非服务，不过软件、服务和网际网络事业等开发也都是很好的专题提案。
• 产品复杂性—产品的零件数目不宜多个十个。就算设计细节无法预知，不过大概还是可以判断，像是电钻的零件数目多过十个，压蒜夹的零件数目就少于十个。
• 预算—小组要有信心产品模型的制作成本低于 $1000。例如：吉列 Mach3 刮胡刀大概十个零件，但是几何模型开发就用掉好几万美元。
• 技术性—过多的技术不确定问题不是这堂课的主题，请选择不仰赖技术突破的产品。(精简型安全气囊当然不错，但是没有新的化学发明，可能吗？)
• 使用者—要找到至少五位潜在使用者来作先期测试 (多过廿位更好)。例如要研究农业灌溉系统，不离开剑桥，就会很困难。

其它注意事项

• 课堂上将相当公开地讨论专题，不希望因为智财权资讯受到限制，所以具有高度智财权的概念请保留。
• 大多数成功专题，小组成员中，都至少有一位对目标市场特别有兴趣。
• 可以和对产品有兴趣的公司有连系，是非常好的。(曾经有一组在课程第一周就和邮购公司签下合约，后来成品也成功商业化)
• 因为一般消费性商品外观品质太差(例如：瑞士刀、压蒜器、和冰淇淋勺)，证明大多数产品设计的并不好。然而同学经过这堂课程的经验之后，只要满足以上专题规范的要求，你都可以开发出比目前市场上还要好的任一产品。在Donald A. Norman所写的《THE DESIGN OF EVERYDAY THINGS》中，就讨论了许多所谓好的和坏的设计范例，同时提供好的设计的原则和规范。
• 虽然同学可能用过很多烂的产品，但是还是有好的产品。请仔细研究、判别具有竞争性的产品和解决方案。
  
  译注：
  《THE DESIGN OF EVERYDAY THINGS》是认知科学之父Norman的经典之作。也是工业设计经典书籍之一。

过去课程的专题范例

(课程网页有更多例子和图片)

第１堂课 课程介绍

讨论课程和专题，以及产品开发使用的方法和程序。阅读商业周刊《年度最佳产品设计 - 2001》—介绍一些非常棒的新产品。虽然不一定有时间讨论，不过同学可以开始看课本前二章：＜第１章：序论＞和＜第２章：开发程序与组织＞。

第２堂课 产品规划

阅读＜第３章：产品规划＞，并且思考一下在本章最后面的问题。讨论本章内容和专案规划的相关方法。

第３堂课 确认顾客需求

阅读＜第４章：确认顾客需求＞，并且思考一下在本章最后面的问题。讨论本章内容和其它收集、汇整、诠释“顾客声音”方法，例如：品质机能展开(Quality Function Deployment, QFD)。同时也许你会对《财星杂志：聆听顾客》这篇文章有兴趣。/p>

第４堂课 专题选定

各小组的专题提案，为了影印发给同学，请在上课前缴交，格式：8.5x11、单面、一页、可供黑白打印，记得写上专案名称(2-4字)、组员姓名、电子邮件和电话号码，并且准备一分钟内的简报，可以是投影片、或是影像形式，小组和专题分配将在当天傍晚以电子邮件送出，这部分在专题时程表有更详细说明。

第５堂课 产品规格

阅读＜第５章：产品规格＞、完成＜习题一＞和准备本章最后面的问题。

第６堂课 概念产生

阅读＜第６章：概念产生＞和准备本章最后面的问题。

第７堂课 工业设计

阅读＜第１０章：工业设计＞、准备本章最后面的问题，可以的话再读《商业周刊：设计者和管理者》。

视觉表现选修课

这课程是选修的，你将学习和练习以视觉的方式表现你的想法。请准备画板、铅笔、橡皮擦、马克笔和尺。

第８堂课 概念选择

阅读＜第７章：概念选择＞，准备本章最后面的问题。

第９堂课 原型

阅读＜第１２章：原型＞，准备本章最后面的问题。讨论和评论同学的专题原型经验和计划。

第１０堂课 产品架构

＜第９章：产品架构＞，请挑选一题＜作业＞练习，并且讨论本章＜思考问题＞。

第１１堂课 专题谘询

请携带顾客需求表、目标产品规格、概念图、以及任何你想问的问题，本节课让同学把专题概念问题提出来和老师讨论、谘询。

第１２堂课 概念检讨

每组十分钟简报自己小组专题产品的市场和概念，同时全班将分为二大组，所以你将会有机会参与班上一半同学的小组专题评论。“专题时程”有更详细说明。

第１３堂课 产品开发经济学

阅读＜第１３章：产品开发经济学＞，准备本章最后面的问题。

第１４堂课 易制性设计

阅读＜第１１章：易制性设计＞，准备本章最后面的问题，阅读Dewhurst and Boothroyd写的《组装设计》。想一想产品架构和易制性设计间的关系。准备VHS录影带，上课时候分解(为求比较的多样性，请个别准备，不要集体购买)。

第１５堂课 稳健性设计

阅读《田口参数设计法，Byrne and Taguchi着》。稳健性设计是如何影响客户满意，例如计划在杂货店贩卖核仁巧克力饼干，田口参数设计法如何开发最可口的配方？实验中可控制的输入参数、不可控制的噪音、和可测量的结果会是什么？ 阅读Almquist和Wyner着《以实验设计提高营销投资报酬率》，透视精心设计的实验，是可以应用在调整销售活动参数。

第１６堂课 专题谘询

本节课让同学找老师讨论、谘询专题的问题，请携带设计图及任何相关问题。

第１７堂课 智慧财产

阅读Pressman着《专利权和智慧财产》。同时，自行找个产品，把专利(图和文)印下来阅读。专利资讯可以在网络上找到，课程网页有一些好用的连结。

第１８堂课 概念测试

阅读＜第８章：概念测试＞和准备本章最后面的问题。

第１９课 个案讨论—百灵咖啡机

讨论《百灵：KF 40咖啡机》个案，思考“设计”和“视觉品质”在这个案例中的意义，哪些企业特别注重他们的视觉品质？百灵设计团队应该选用波状壶吗？评论Dieter Rams着《设计原理》，并且回去"阅读计划表"中的《@issue》(可能随堂发放)。除此以外，还有很多文章，从品牌、公司定位、营销和产品设计等角度，讨论工业和视觉设计的角色。

译注：@issue：http://www.cdf.org/cdf/atissue/atissue.html

第２０堂课 环境化设计

阅读资料《困难的抉择：纸张 vs. 保丽龙》、《绿色设计策略》和选读《永续发展宣言》。

第２１堂课 同步工程

阅读《项目管理新工具：设计结构矩阵》，介绍设计结构矩阵法。思考小型产品和大型产品开发专案管理差异，如何将课堂所学的组织原理应用在有数百人的大型专案。

第２２堂课 供应链设计

阅读Fine和Whitney着《自制与外购决策程序是核心能力？》，并且想一想，课程上将讨论几年前因为外包决策太过狭隘，导致把公司技术未来抵押掉的一些例子。

第２３、２４和２５堂课

期末专题发表。专题时程表中有更详细说明

每堂课的作业都要在当节课上课前缴交。专题作业应该按照产品开发的进度进行，所以专题应该连续、没有中断地进行，为了要跟上专题进度，专题作业要在到期日前准时或提早完成。除了专题提案以外，专题作业都以小组为单位。

个别作业：专题计划

第１部份：提案格式

专案提案限定使用 8.5x11 大小纸张(限写一面)，"阅读计划表"里有二个提案范例。第四堂课收件后，(当天)会复印给各位同学。所以没有赶上当天早上缴交期限的同学，上课时请自己带９０份资料来。提案内容要包括：

• 专题名称，２－４字，简短、清楚。一定要有！
• 姓名、电话号码、电子邮件、系所／学程和年级。
• 产品机会，从市场需要、现存竞争产品的缺点、和目标市场的定义与市场大小来说明。
• 现阶段课程的焦点是市场机会，不是解决方案，因此不用说明自己的产品想法。

第２部份缴交提案简报 第四堂课

准备一分钟的课堂简报。简报内容:

• 姓名、系所／学程和年级。
• 口头或是视觉呈现，说明提案产品的机会。例如花些时间解释市场的丰厚机会和展示现有的竞争产品，让其他同学可以很容易了解你的提案。
• 个人特有的技能或资产(营销专长，有商店、汽车、电子法术…等。)
• 投影片张数建议一至二张，可以使用录影带。但是，请注意每个人只有60秒，不可以超过。(试想，二段30秒电视广告可以呈现多少东西。)

第３部份 分组配对

第４堂课会发给各位同学提案选择卡，请依照喜好顺序把前十名填上然后递交。已经自行分配好的小组(一组最多7位) ，请在选择卡上填上相同专题名称，并且钉在一起后缴交。其余组别将依照同学喜好分配，并且以电子邮件把分组结果寄出给各位。

分组作业规范

在制作分组作业时，请确实遵守此作业规范。

• 力求精简。作业页数不要太多，大多数一、二页就够，除了概念图，每个概念放一页。
• 请简短描述(少于一页)，完成作业，小组采取的程序。程序如果和课本方法一模一样，就不需要再重复一次课表的总结了。另外注解说明一下做得好、做得有问题的部份。
• 作业会由二位不同老师批改，所以缴交的时候请交二份，另外自己留一份纪录。
• (因为影印考量)请使用黑笔，不要用蓝笔或铅笔。然而颜色如果很重要，彩色简报并不禁止。为了方便复印，请一律使用8.5x11纸张、单面。

作业：缴交专题任务和顾客需求表 第６堂课

按照课本第３章和第４章，说明专题任务和列出专题产品的顾客需求。

• 描述小组建立工作秩序和辨认用户需求的过程，并且评论你们的过程和结果。
• 重要性调查不需要在这时后完成，不过如果需要进一步了解偏好和代价，应该要尽快进行。

作业：缴交概念草图和目标规格 第８堂课

缴交概念草图和列举１０到２０个产品概念选择。每个概念草图上需要注明和哪些重要的顾客需求有关，哪些无关。

• 自清单中挑出３到４个最主要的顾客需求，然后针对挑出的顾客需求一一列举目标规格并且清楚说明决策原因。
• 描述概念生成和目标规格程序的步骤，并且对这些过程和结果提出评论。

作业：缴交概念初步选择 第１０堂课

• 缴交二或三个自认最有发产的概念草图。/div>
• 以概念选择矩阵(过滤法、计分法)说明选择过程。
• 包括对个别概念可能替代方案的简短描述或草图。
• 把产品开发上遇到的主要问题和不确定性列出，并且一一列举对应的行动计划。(像是问题分析、模型化、访谈、产品实验等。)
• 描述专题过程，并且评论过程和结果。

作业：缴交专题检讨：最终概念、模型和时程表 第１２堂课

• 准备十分钟(最多)的简报，介绍所选择的(单个)产品概念。简报内容需要包括专题任务、顾客需求、所选择概念和主要目标规格提出评论报告。
• 简报中，展示一下足以表现产品概念的原始模型。
• 缴交一页的描述和草图说明选择的概念。
• 使用甘特图(参考课本第326页)说明接下来二个月的专案时程规划，至少包括：细部设计、材料和零件选择、供应商选择、材料和零件采购、测试、和完成等活动。这部份不用简报，只要放进书面报告就可以。
• 描述专题过程，并且评论过程和结果。

作业：缴交产品设计图和调整确认 第１５堂课

• 准备第一版模型的组装图，组装图要呈现所有组装零件位置。
• 准备个别模型零件的尺度图
• 缴交材料清单，列出零件要外购或是自制，说明每个模型零件的材料和制造程序， 并且描述组装程序。
• 需要外购材料和零件的项目，影印供应商的规格单，或是指出型录上的购买项目。
• 把找到有用的网页资源和供应商列出来。
• 画出实际产品图，说明模型和实际产品的差异，扼要解释实际产品的制造方式。
• 汇总上次作业之后所作的重要决定。描述模型制作计划。(目前为止，应该已经有清楚价格，也准备好下单购买或自制零件。)
• 调整接下来几周的时程。包括：设计工作、与供应商间来往、模型制作、测试、设计修改、摄影、和简报准备。
• 描述专题过程，并且评论过程和结果。
• Solidworks和ProEngineer设计辅助软件可以供同学使用，课程网页有教导软件存取方式，当然有其它绘图软件也可以使用。

作业：缴交财务模型 第１８堂课

• 依照课本第１３章，准备专题财务模型。写下分析时的假设条件，以及对主要经济不确定性，进行敏感度分析，请注意生产制造和变动成本要估算进去。
• 描述专题过程，包括模型制作和测试进度的状态简报。

选修作业：缴交专利课程作业 第１８堂课

• 准备背景资讯，解释产品哪些发明可以拥有专利，方便专利律师评论。
• 准备新颖性(novelty)、实用性(utility)与非显而易见性(non-obviousness)等发明声明。
• 提供与你的发明的相关的美国专利作为参考。

作业：缴交第一版模型 第２２堂课

• 目前应该进行到产品模型的测试。本周不需要交报告，把模型实体带来，和老师交换意见。

作业：缴交期末简报和展示 五月１１日，星期六

• 准备１５分钟的简报说明和展示你的产品。你可能很想强调产品开发过程中印象深刻的部分，但是请以产品本身简报为主题。可以使用彩色图片、视讯简报等再配合上实体产品展示，让简报有效果。简报品质要足以说服高阶管理者来购买产权或是赞助最后发展和上市。 这堂课会请专家参与简报和评估产品，请准备回答关于专题的各项问题。
• 设立和展示产品推广用的网站。(不强制)
• 把简报、网页网址、和几张模型实体的高画质数位相片或是35厘米幻灯片打印下来缴交。(请提供产品使用中的照片)

专题甘特图

专题进行中各类活动的甘特图

阅读包目录

‡：讲义课堂上发

课本上有其他的指定阅读资料：

Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger, Product Design and Development, 2nd Edition, Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2000. (中文版，《产品设计与开发》， Karl T. Ulrich和Steven D. Eppinger教授着，张书文．戴华亭译，美商麦格罗．希尔出版，2002初版。)

Printable version (PDF)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Teaching Staff:
Prof. Steven Eppinger
Dr. Daniel Whitney
Mr. Matt Kressy
Prof. Thomas Roemer
Dr. Clifford Whitcomb
Dr. Ali Yassine
TA: Ingrid Huang

Course Objectives

The focus of Product Design and Development is integration of the marketing, design, and manufacturing functions of the firm in creating a new product. The course is intended to provide you with the following benefits:

• Competence with a set of tools and methods for product design and development.
• Confidence in your own abilities to create a new product.
• Awareness of the role of multiple functions in creating a new product (e.g. marketing, finance, industrial design, engineering, production).
• Ability to coordinate multiple, interdisciplinary tasks in order to achieve a common objective.
• Reinforcement of specific knowledge from other courses through practice and reflection in an action-oriented setting.

Expectations

This is a 12-unit graduate course. Accordingly, the course has been designed to demand approximately 12 hours per week of your time. It is expected that each student will prepare for and attend all of the class sessions and will contribute regularly and substantially to their team project. Experience with project-based design courses is that students often develop high expectations for their projects and devote substantially more time than is required by the instructors. Faculty applaud this enthusiasm, but this course will not penalize students who establish a twelve hour per week average time constraint for their efforts. The workload for the course is fairly smooth, with increased project effort at the end of the semester offset by lighter preparation for class.

Academic Integrity

Full group and class collaboration on all aspects of this course is highly encouraged. It is almost impossible to share too much information in product development teams.

Reading Materials

The primary reading materials for the class are the book Product Design and Development (2nd Edition, 2000), written by Profs. Ulrich and Eppinger, and a reading packet. The text is available at the MIT Coop, MIT Press, and through internet booksellers. The reading packet is available for purchase at the MIT Copy Technology Center. Handouts of additional readings will be distributed in class.

Class Preparation and Participation

Reading assignments are given in the Class Schedule for each class session. You are expected to come to class prepared to discuss the readings and the suggested questions. Your individual class participation grade will be based upon your in-class remarks during discussions.

Projects

Your challenge in the project portion of this course is to design a new product and to produce a prototype version of it. The goal of this exercise is to learn principles and methods of product development in a realistic context. Most product development professionals work under tremendous time pressure and do not have an opportunity to reflect on the development process. In this course, the project stress level will be low enough that there will be time to experiment and learn. Project ideas come from the students in the class and from opportunities presented by industrial sponsors. Guidelines for reasonable projects are given below. The project proposal process is explained in the Project Schedule section of this syllabus.

Project Teams

In the second week of the course, we will form project teams on the basis of expressed student preferences (see the Project Schedule for details). Teams will consist of about seven students. Once you are assigned to a project team, we expect you to stay in the course for the entire term.

Project Materials and Expenses

There is a limited amount of funds to cover students’ out-of-pocket expenses related to the course projects. Each team will be allocated a budget of $1000. Instructions and forms for purchasing and reimbursement are given in the document “Buying Things for Class” which is found on the course web site. If your project requires additional expenditures, your team is expected to cover these expenses personally.

Intellectual Property Rights

The student teams will generally be able to retain the rights to any inventions they develop in this course. If a team should decide to pursue a patent, they may do this on their own. Alternatively, the team can “share” their invention with MIT which may be interested in patenting it, in exchange for a portion of any licensing royalties. Teams should spend some time during an early meeting agreeing in advance on how to distribute any economic rewards arising from the intellectual property you create. Your project assignments will serve as a dated record of the evolution of your ideas.

Guidelines for Projects

While special cases will be considered, you are strongly encouraged to choose a project satisfying all of the following constraints:

• There should be a demonstrable market for the product. One good way to verify a market need is to identify existing products that attempt to meet the need. Your product need not be a variant of an existing product, but the market need addressed by your product should be clearly evident. The product does not need to have a tremendous economic potential, but should at least be an attractive opportunity for an established firm with related products and/or skills.
• Most products developed in this class are material goods and not services. While many of the ideas in the course apply to services and software products (for example, customer needs and product architecture), many do not (for example, design for manufacturing). Nevertheless, the faculty are willing to hear project proposals from students interested in developing software, services, and internet based enterprises.
• The product should have a high likelihood of containing fewer than 10 parts. Although you cannot anticipate the design details, it is easy to anticipate that an electric drill will have more than 10 parts and that a garlic press can have fewer than 10.
• You should be confident of being able to prototype the product for less than $1000. For example, a razor like Gillette’s Mach3 may have about 10 parts, but would require tens of thousands of dollars to create a geometrically accurate prototype.
• The product should require no basic technological breakthroughs. (Yes, a more compact airbag would be a nice, but can you do it without inventing a new chemical?) You do not have time to deal with large technological uncertainties.
• You should have access to more than five potential lead users of the product (more than 20 would be nice). For example, you would have great difficulty researching agricultural irrigation systems without leaving Cambridge.

A few more hints:

• Save any highly proprietary ideas for another context; we will be quite open in discussing the projects in class and do not wish to be constrained by proprietary information.
• Most successful projects tend to have at least one team member with strong personal interest in the target market.
• It is really nice to have a connection to a commercial venture that may be interested in the product. (One group signed a licensing agreement with a major mail order and retail company with which they had made contact during the first week of the course. The product they developed became a commercial success.)
• Most products are really not very well designed. This is evidenced by the seemingly poor quality of common consumer products (utility knives, garlic presses, and ice cream scoops, for example). The experience in this class is that if you pick almost any product satisfying the above project guidelines, you will be able to develop a product that is superior to everything currently on the market. A book titled THE DESIGN OF EVERYDAY THINGS by Donald A. Norman (Doubleday, 1990) discusses good and bad examples and provides principles and guidelines for good design.
• Just because you have used a lousy product doesn't mean that a better one doesn't exist. Do some thorough research to identify competitive products and solutions.

Some Project Examples from Previous Classes:

(See the course web site for a larger list and photo gallery.)

Class 1 Introduction

We will discuss course logistics and project descriptions. We will also discuss the methods and processes used for product development. Read the Business Week article WINNERS 2001: THE BEST PRODUCT DESIGNS OF THE YEAR, which describes several terrific new products. This is an appropriate time to read the first two chapters of the text: CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION and CHAPTER 2: DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES AND ORGANIZATIONS; however we will not have much time to discuss this material in class.

Class 2 Product Planning

Read CHAPTER 3: PRODUCT PLANNING. Consider Thought Question 1 at the end of the chapter. Be prepared to discuss the chapter material and related methods of planning development projects.

Class 3 Identifying Customer Needs

Read CHAPTER 4: IDENTIFYING CUSTOMER NEEDS. Consider the thought questions at the end of the chapter. Be prepared to discuss the chapter material and other methods of gathering, organizing, and deploying the "voice of the customer" such as Quality Function Deployment (QFD). You may also find interesting the short Fortune article HOW TO LISTEN TO CONSUMERS.

Class 4 Project Selection

Submit your project proposal before class for distribution in class. The proposal must be on one 8.5x11 page, one side only, suitable for B&W reproduction. Be sure to include a descriptive (2-4 words) title, your name, email, and phone number. Also prepare a 60-second presentation describing your project idea. You may use slides or video if you like, however you will only have 60 seconds. Group and project assignments will be sent by email in the late afternoon. For full details of this proposal assignment, refer to the Project Schedule.

Class 5 Product Specifications

Read CHAPTER 5: PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS. Complete Exercise 1 and be prepared to discuss the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Class 6 Concept Generation

Read CHAPTER 6: CONCEPT GENERATION. Prepare the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Class 7 Industrial Design

Read CHAPTER 10: INDUSTRIAL DESIGN. You might also enjoy reading the Business Week article TURNING DESIGNERS INTO MANAGERS. Be prepared to discuss the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Optional Tutorial Visual Expression

In this optional tutorial session, you may learn and practice how to express concepts visually. Bring a sketchpad, pencil, eraser, marker, and a ruler.

Class 8 Concept Selection

Read CHAPTER 7: CONCEPT SELECTION. Consider the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Class 9 Prototyping

Read CHAPTER 12: PROTOTYPING. Consider the thought questions at the end of the chapter. Also be prepared to discuss and critique the prototyping experiences and plans for your project.

Class 10 Product Architecture

Read CHAPTER 9: PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE. Complete one of the exercises at the end of the chapter and be prepared to discuss the thought questions.

Class 11 Faculty Project Consulting

In this class session, your team will have time to review your concepts with the course faculty. Bring your customer needs lists, target specifications, concept drawings, and any questions you have for discussion.

Class 12 Peer Concept Review

Each team will give a 10-minute presentation to describe your their market opportunity and selected concept to the class. We will split the class into two groups so you will have the opportunity to critique half of the teams' projects. For more details, refer to the Project Schedule.

Class 13 Product Development Economics

Read CHAPTER 13: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS. Consider the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Class 14 Design for Manufacturing

Read CHAPTER 11: DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING and skim the article DESIGN FOR ASSEMBLY IN ACTION by Dewhurst and Boothroyd. Be prepared to discuss the thought questions at the end of the chapter. Think about the relationship between product architecture and DFM. Bring a VHS videocassette to class to take apart. (Do not buy these as a group; we want to have many different tapes for comparison.)

Class 15 Robust Design

Read THE TAGUCHI APPROACH TO PARAMETER DESIGN by Byrne and Taguchi. Consider the role of robust design in satisfying the customer. If you were designing a brownie mix to be sold in grocery stores, how might you use the Taguchi parameter design method to develop the best recipe? What would be the controllable input parameters, the uncontrollable sources of noise , and the measurable outputs for your experiments? Also read BOOST YOUR MARKETING ROI WITH EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN by Almquist and Wyner for a perspective on how carefully planned experiments are effective in tuning even sales campaign parameters.

Class 16 Faculty Project Consulting

In this class session, your team will have time to review your project with the course faculty. Bring your design drawings and any questions you have for discussion.

Class 17 Intellectual Property

Read INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS AND OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY by Pressman. Find a patent number on a product that interests you. Then locate a copy of the patent (text and illustrations) and read it. You may research patent information on the internet. See the course web page for helpful links.

Class 18 Concept Testing

Read CHAPTER 8: CONCEPT TESTING. Consider both of the thought questions at the end of the chapter.

Class 19 Braun Case Discussion

Prepare the case BRAUN AG: THE KF 40 COFFEE MACHINE. What does "design" mean in the context of this case? What is "visual equity"? What firms do you know of with strong visual equity? Should the Braun team go with the rippled tank? Critique Dieter Rams' "principles of design". This is also a good time to look at the copy of @issue included in the readings packet (or handed out in class). There are articles about the role of industrial and graphic design in branding, corporate identity, marketing, and product design.

Class 20 Design for Environment

Read the short article PAPER VERSUS POLYSTYRENE: A COMPLEX CHOICE and skim the chapter STRATEGIES FOR GREEN DESIGN. An optional reading for this session, entitled A DECLARATION OF SUSTAINABILITY, is also included in your packet.

Class 21 Organizing Concurrent Engineering

Read the article INNOVATION AT THE SPEED OF INFORMATION, which introduces the design structure matrix (DSM) method. Consider the differences in how small product development projects and large ones need to be managed. How can the organizational principles you have learned be applied to a large project involving hundreds of people?

Class 22 Supply Chain Design

Read IS THE MAKE-BUY DECISION PROCESS A CORE COMPETENCE? by Fine and Whitney. Think about and be prepared to discuss some examples where companies may have mortgaged their technical future due to narrowly considered outsourcing decisions possibly made years ago.

Classes 23, 24, and 25

In lieu of these classes, we will hold the project presentations.

Final Meeting Project Presentations

For details, refer to the Project Schedule.

All assignments must be handed in at the beginning of the class session in which they are due. Note that these assignments are intended to pace the development process for your product. There is virtually no slack in this schedule and so assignments must be completed on or before the scheduled due date in order to maintain the project schedule. All assignments except the project proposal are to be completed as a team.

Individual Assignment: Project Proposal

Part 1: Proposal Handout

Prepare a project proposal in any format that fits on one 8.5x11 page (one side only). Two sample proposals are included in the course reading packet. We will photocopy the proposals and distribute them in Class 4 (the same day). If you miss the morning deadline, you must bring 90 copies to class. Proposals should include:

• A brief, descriptive project title (2-4 words). This is critical!
• Your name, phone number, email, department/degree program, and year.
• A description of the product opportunity you have identified. Your description may include any of the following: documentation of the market need, shortcomings of existing competitive products, and definition of the target market and its size.
• Please do not present any of your own product ideas at this point ; our strict focus in this phase of the course is on the market opportunity and not on solution concepts.

Part 2: Proposal Presentation Due Class 4

Prepare a 60-second presentation to be delivered in class. Your presentation should include:

• Your name, department/degree program, and year.
• A verbal or visual demonstration of the product opportunity you have described in your proposal. Given that the audience will be able to read your proposal at their leisure, you might spend your time explaining the richness of the market opportunity and demonstrating the existing competitive products.
• Any special skills or assets you have (marketing expertise, access to a shop, a car, electronics wizardry, etc.)
• Showing one or two overhead slides is recommended. You may also use video. However, note that the 60-second time constraint will be ruthlessly enforced. (Think about how much can be presented in two 30-second television commercials.)

Part 3: Project Preferences

Submit your project preferences on a project selection card (handed out in Class 4). List the ten projects you would most like to work on, in order of preference. If you would like to work with a particular group of classmates (up to 7), you should all list the exact same project preferences and clip your cards together. We will assign the rest of the team. Team and project assignments will be sent by email to the class.

Guidelines for Team Assignments

Please adhere to the following guidelines for your team assignments:

• Be concise. Most assignments can be completed in very few pages. One exception to this guideline is concept sketches, which should be formatted with one concept per page.
• Please provide a short (less than one page) description of the process your grou adopted in completing the assignment. However, there is no need to repeat a summary of the textbook if you adopt the exact approach in the text. Also comment on what worked well and what did not.
• Hand in two copies for your team so that two of the course faculty can provide comments. Keep a copy for your records.
• Black ink is preferable to blue ink or pencil for most assignments. (This is because some assignments are photocopied.) However, if the use of color is important to your presentation, please feel free violate this guideline. To facilitate copying, please use standard 8.5x11 sheets of paper, single sided, whenever possible.

Assignment: Mission Statement and Customer Needs List Due Class 6

Hand in a mission statement and an organized list of customer needs for your product as described in CHAPTERS 3 and 4.

• Describe your team's processes for getting organized and for identifying customer needs. Comment on this process and on your results.
• You do not need to have completed an importance survey by this time, although if you feel the need to further understand preferences and tradeoffs, you should do this soon and turn it in for review.

Assignment: Concept Sketches and Target Specifications Due Class 8

Hand in sketches and bullet-point descriptions of 10 to 20 alternative concepts for your product. For each sketch, note which of the important customer needs it addresses and which it does not.

• Choose a few (perhaps 3 or 4) critical customer needs from your list. For these critical few, prepare a list of the target specifications and provide documentation to support these decisions.
• Describe some of the steps of your concept generation and target specifications processes. Comment on the process and the results.

Assignment: Preliminary Concept Selection Due Class 10

• Hand in sketches of the two or three concepts you believe are most promising.
• Show the concept selection matrix (screening or scoring) that you used to make these choices.
• Include a simple description or sketch of each of the concept alternatives considered.
• Prepare a list of the key uncertainties or questions you still need to address to determine the viability of your product. For each one, specify an associated plan of action (such as analysis, mock ups, interviews, experiments, etc.)
• Describe your team's process. Comment on the process and the results.

Assignment: Review: Final Concept, Model, and Schedule Due Class 12

• Prepare a 10-minute (maximum) presentation of your (single) selected product concept. The presentation should include a review of your mission statement, customer needs, selected concept, and your key target specifications.
• As part of your presentation, demonstrate some form of “proof-of-concept” prototype model.
• Hand in a one-page description and sketch of your selected concept.
• Draft a schedule in Gantt-chart form (see page 326 of the text) showing the plan of work to complete the project over the next two months. Include at least the following activities: detail design, materials and components selection, vendor selection, procurement of materials and components, testing, and completion of assignments. Hand in this schedule—you do not need to make it part of your presentation in class.
• Describe your team's process. Comment on the process and the results.

Assignment: Drawings, Plans, and Revised Schedule Due Class 15

• Prepare an assembly drawing of the alpha prototype you intend to build. An assembly drawing shows all the parts in their assembled positions.
• Prepare dimensioned sketches of each piece part for your planned prototype.
• Include a bill of materials indicating whether the prototype parts will be purchased or fabricated, and a description of the assembly process. Indicate the material and fabrication process you have selected for each prototype part.
• Provide photocopies of the vendor specification sheets for the purchased materials and components. On catalog pages, identify which items you have selected for purchase.
• List the web resources and vendors you have found to be helpful.
• Make a drawing or sketch of the production version of the product. Describe the differences between the prototype you will build and the production product. Briefly explain how the production product would be manufactured.
• Summarize the important decisions you have made since the previous assignment. Describe your prototyping plans. (By this time, you should have price quotes and should be ready to place orders for any parts to be fabricated or purchased.
• Revise the schedule of your project work for the remaining weeks. Include your planned design work, vendor interactions, prototyping, testing, redesign, photography, and preparation of the presentation.
• Describe your team's process. Comment on the process and the results.
• Solidworks and ProEngineer CAD software is available for your use. See the course web page for instructions to access the software. However, you may use any drawing package available to you.

Assignment: Financial Model Due Class 18

• Prepare a financial model as described in CHAPTER 13 of the text. Document the assumptions you have made in the analysis. Perform a sensitivity analysis of the key economic uncertainties you face. Note that you will require estimates for the production tooling and variable costs.
• Describe your team's process, including a brief status report on your prototyping and testing progress.

Optional Assignment: Patent Review Due Class 18 also

• Prepare background information for our patent attorney to review. To do this, you need to explain what invention within your product may be patentable.
• Include a statement of the invention's novelty, utility, and non-obviousness.
• Provide references to any US patents related to your invention.

Assignment: Alpha Prototype Due Class 22

• You should be testing your product prototype by this time. Show your prototype hardware to the course faculty this week and get some feedback. No report is to be turned in this week.

Assignment: Final Presentation and Demonstration Due Saturday May 11

• Prepare a 15-minute presentation describing and demonstrating your product. Your presentation should concentrate on the product itself, although you may wish to emphasize any particularly impressive portions of your development process. An effective presentation includes color photographs or video presentation along with a live display of the hardware. This presentation should be of the quality you would make to convince a top management group to purchase the rights to your product or to fund its final development and launch. A panel of experts will observe your presentations and evaluate the products. Be prepared to answer questions about all aspects of your project.
• Create and demonstrate a web page designed to promote your product (optional).
• Turn in a copy of the slide presentation, URL of the web page, and several highquality digital photos or 35mm slides of the prototype hardware (including photos of the product in use, if possible).

Project Timeline

Here is a Gantt Chart showing the types of project activity underway during the project.

READING PACKET TABLE OF CONTENTS

‡ Readings identified with ‡ symbol will be handed out in class.

The other required readings for this course are found in the textbook:

Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger, Product Design and Development, 2nd Edition, Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2000.