期中考试将在第12节课堂上举行。形式为闭卷，有各种问题，含术语鉴定和简答题。考试问题会基于一些以下的题目，将占期末成绩的25%。
The midterm examination will be held in session #12, in class. The format will be closed-book and closed-notes, with a variety of types of questions, including some terms to identify and some short answer questions. The exam will be comprised of questions based on some of these topics, and will contribute 25% of your final course grade.

1. 什么是Maxwell派学者的〈机械世界观〉？什么是19世纪德国理论家的〈电动力世界观〉？
1. What was the Maxwellians’ "mechanical worldview"? What was the 19th century German theorists’ "electrodynamic worldview"?

2．利用Minkowski图表，示范同时性的相对性。同样用观测者在不同惯性参考系所见一个小光子钟的照片，得出爱因斯坦时间延緩公式。时间延緩公式， Δt’ = γΔt，用文字表达是什么意思？因数Y是如何因为比率(v/c)而改变?
2. Using a Minkowski diagram, demonstrate the relativity of simultaneity. Similarly, using pictures of a light-clock as seen by observers in different inertial reference frames, derive Einstein's formula for time-dilation. What does the time-dilation formula, Δt’ = γΔt, mean in words? How does the factor γ depend on the ratio (v/c)?

3．讨论爱因斯坦在其1905年的狭义相对论论文中，进行或不进行Machian线的一些方法。
3. Discuss some of the ways Einstein was and was not proceeding along Machian lines in his 1905 paper on special relativity.

4．什么是Michelson-Morley实验？它要测量什么？物理学像Lorentz和Poincare对其结果是何反应？其结果如何能利用狭义相对论解释？
4. What was the Michelson-Morley experiment? What did it aim to measure? How did physicists such as Lorentz and Poincare react to its results? How could its results be explained by special relativity?

5．其他物理学家像Minkowski和Cunningham，是如何阅读和挪用爱因斯坦狭义相对论论文？
5. How did other physicists, such as Minkowski and Cunningham, read and appropriate Einstein's special relativity paper?

6．爱因斯坦的〈广义相对论〉中的〈广义〉是指什么？加速运动和引力场的等价理论意味着什么？爱因斯坦认为此理论对宇宙几何结构有什么暗示？这理论的三项〈经典〉测试是什么？
6. What was "general" about Einstein's "general relativity"? What does the equivalence principle imply about accelerated motions and gravitational fields? What did Einstein think the theory implied about the geometrical structure of the universe? What were the three "classic" tests of the theory?

7．什么是Niels Bohr的原子模型？此模型是以什么具体方式打破经典物理学？Louis de Broglie的工作是如何与Bohr的工作相关？de Broglie的波长如何随物体的质量和速度而改变？这种〈波形〉在什麽比例变得相关？
7. What was Niels Bohr's model of the atom? In what specific ways did the model break with classical physics? How did Louis de Broglie's work relate to Bohr's? How does the de Broglie wavelength vary with an object's mass and velocity? On what scales does such "waviness" becomes relevant?

8．讨论Heisenberg的不确性原理。这原理有些什么不同的诠释方法?
8. Discuss Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. What are some of the different ways in which the principle has been interpreted?

9. 定义Niels Bohr的对应原理和互补性。
9. Define Niels Bohr's correspondence principle and complementarity.

10．描述EPR(Einstein, Podolsky和Rosen) 论证的两个潜在原则（〈现实标准〉和〈可分离性〉），并讨论Bohr抗辩这理论的一些方法。
10. Describe the two principles underlying the EPR argument ("reality criterion" and "separability"), and discuss some of the ways Bohr countered this argument.

11．Bell的结论是什么，为什么重要？Mermin的思考试验是如何表现Bell的结果？有关粒子拥有确定特质可以得到什么结论？
11. What was Bell's result, and why was it significant? How does Mermin's thought experiment represent Bell's result, and what conclusions can be drawn concerning particles’ possession of determinate properties?

12．Paul Forman的论题是什么？他用什么证据来证明其观点？讨论这一论题的一些反对论点。
12. What is Paul Forman's thesis? What kinds of evidence does he use to defend his position? Discuss some objections to it.