本课程的目的有二。第一，我们将会讨论凝聚态物理及原子物理中感兴趣的主题，重点讨论多体系统中的量子统计效应、相互作用和相关性。其次，我们将会对场的量子化方法及其在多体系统中的应用作简单的介绍。我们将偏重于本主题的物理及可视化的方面。鉴于本课程主要是为有广泛兴趣的学生而设计的，将从凝聚态物理学中提取大量的实例。


必备条件

初级程度的统计力学及量子力学。参考课程 8.044 （统计物理I）, 8.08 （统计物理II）及 8.04 （量子物理I）。


课程提纲

• 玻色凝聚 （准粒子、聚集模、超流及涡旋）
• 费米气体及液体、集体激发
• 库珀对（BCS理论、非对角长程序、超导）
• 原子跟光场的相互作用
• 蓝姆移动、卡西米尔效应
• 狄克超发光
• 局域化无序介质中的量子输运及波动散射
• 隧道效应和瞬子
• 宏观量子系统、与热源的耦合
• 玻色自旋模型、隧道与局域化
• 康多效应
• 气体、固体中的自旋动力学与输运现象
• 光学格子中的冷原子
• 光检测和电噪声中的量子理论

推荐读物

Stone, Michael. 量子场物理。 Springer, 2000.


习题

每周共13道习题。作业于每周的第一节课课前提交。


学期研究报告

学期研究报告的题目列表将于课上讨论和提出。


评分标准

The aim of the course is two-fold. First, we shall discuss topics of interest for both condensed matter and atomic physics, focussing on the effects of quantum statistics, interactions, and correlations in many-particle systems. Our second goal will be to provide a gentle introduction to the methods of quantized fields and their applications in many-body physics. We shall try to emphasize the physical and visualizable aspects of the subject. While the course is intended for students with a wide range of interests, many examples will be drawn from condensed matter physics.


Prerequisites

Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Mechanics, introductory level courses, such as 8.044 (Statistical Physics I), 8.08 (Statistical Physics II), and 8.04 (Quantum Physics I).


Course Topics

• Bose Condensates (Quasiparticles, Collective Modes, Superfluidity, Vortices)
• Fermi Gases and Liquids, Collective Excitations
• Cooper Pairing (BCS Theory, Off-diagonal Long-range Order, Superconductivity)
• Atom Interacting with an Optical Field
• Lamb Shift, Casimir Effect
• Dicke Superradiance
• Quantum Transport and Wave Scattering in Disordered Media, Localization
• Tunneling and Instantons
• Macroscopic Quantum Systems, Coupling to a Thermal Bath
• Spin-boson Model, Tunneling and Localization
• Kondo Effect
• Spin Dynamics and Transport in Gases and Solids
• Cold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Quantum Theory of Photodetection and Electric Noise

Recommended Text

Stone, Michael. The Physics of Quantum Fields. Springer, 2000.


Problem Sets

Weekly, 13 problem sets in total, due the first session of the week, in class (at the beginning of the lecture).


Term Paper

A list of term paper topics will be provided and discussed in class.


Grade