翻译：姜凯文(简介并寄信)
修正校定：朱学恒
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麻省理工“开放式课程”计划更新日期：2003年六月
每月发行给麻省理工“开放式课程”计划的使用者及伙伴的电子报
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麻省理工开放式课程电子报 2003年六月号内容：
麻省理工开放式课程电子报 2003年6月号 内容：
1. 即将发表的麻省理工开放式课程演讲
2. 深度探索：课程 7.033
3. 本月的科技小百科
4. 一个常见的问题
1. 即将发表的麻省理工开放式课程演讲
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那些关心并试图从麻省理工开放式课程挖掘出更多东西的教育者与学习者受到邀请参加几个即将到来的教育性与资讯科技的会议。
麻省理工开放式课程计划的联络主管乔恩．保罗．帕兹(Jon Paul Potts)将于7月28日星期一，在加州帕洛阿图市的史丹佛大学举行的教学大纲会议中演讲。更多关于2003年教学大纲会议的讯息请详：
http://www.syllabus.com/summer2003/cag.asp
在11月时，麻省理工开放式课程计划的职员将出席南加州的两个活动：美西州际远距教育合作小组(WCET)在圣地牙哥所举行的第15届年会以及阿那罕姆市的EDUCAUSE 2003会议。在11月5日星期三，乔恩将在圣地牙哥Hyatt Regency Islandia饭店所举行的 WCET的会议上，详述在麻省理工开放式课程发布500门课程的期间有关教授们的经验，关于WCET会议请详：
http://conference.wcet.info/
在南加州阿那罕姆市阿那罕姆会议中心所举办的EDUCAUSE 2003，麻省理工开放式课程计划的职员将在11月5日星期三与11月6日星期四的会议上担任海报展示的主持人。造访EDUCAUSE的网站以获取更多资讯：
http://www.educause.edu/conference/annual/2003/
对于位在非洲与亚洲的教育者与自学者，麻省理工开放式课程计划将参加2003年12月7-13日在模里西斯大学所举行的开放与线上学习国际研讨会(ICOOL，International Conference on Open and Online Learning)。更多有关ICOOL的资讯在：
http://vcampus.uom.ac.mu/icool2003/user/index.php
2. 深度探索：课程 7.033
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每个月，这份电子报将提供订户一份针对特定主题的深度指导。本月，我们将探讨“课程 7.033：遗传学”，由麻省理工学院生物学系的克里斯．凯瑟(Chris Kaiser)与大卫．佩吉(David Page)教授所开设，提供了使用者研究遗传学原理，并应用在学习分子、细胞、多细胞生物包括人类各层级生物上的功能。在课堂讲稿中提出了基因、染色体与基因组的结构和功能。也同时探讨了族群遗传学与运用遗传学的方法分析蛋白质的功能、基因的调控与遗传性的疾病。
这门基础的遗传学课程在麻省理工开放式课程网站上包含了完整的36个pdf革式的课堂讲稿，也涵盖了不同的主题如“孟德尔遗传学”、“染色体与性联遗传”以及“突变与抑制子”：
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/LectureNotes/index.htm
课程 7.03提供了一组7个复杂的问题组与解答，包含了下列的练习：“你开始以SSR标记法从遗传学的角度描绘出色盲。色盲显示X染色体的隐性遗传也因此通常在男性身上发现。然而突变的对偶基因发生频率已高到色盲可以在女性身上发生。”这些相同的问题集是学生们在过去的学期中用来自我测试的：
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/Assignments/index.htm
这门课程也提供了麻省理工开放式课程使用者“7.03的圣经”，这是一组从1993年到2001年以来的详细研究指南、问题组与试题：
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/StudyMaterials/index.htm
3. 本月的科技小百科
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许多订阅麻省理工电子报的接收者问到，我们为了在秋天时要发表500门课程所使用的是个什么样的内容管理系统。
在先导计划阶段，麻省理工开放式课程的网页是由“强行撰写的HTML”所建立的，麻省理工开放式课程计划的技术主任赛西利亚．戴欧丽维拉(Cecilia d'Oliveira)是这样形容的。利用像DreamWeaver的网页内容编辑器，一组由麻省理工学院与Sapient公司，那是一家商业与开发顾问公司，所组成的程式人员，负责设计与建立最初的32门课程。然而，这样的模式是无法扩大到500门课程，甚至到2000门，因此必须使用?容管理系统来达到长期公布目标。
麻省理工开放式课程计划的资深管理人员与Sapient公司一起建立了厂商名单，并请厂商对工作小组进行简报。最后，选择了商业化的?容管理系统，微软公司的Content Management System 2002。多样化是选择微软公司Content Management System 2002的理由：微软也对麻省理工开放式课程计划做了严肃的保证，微软公司的CMS 2002的总持有成本相较于其他尚在考虑之列的厂商会相当地低，同时微软的产品对使用者、麻省理工开放式课程的教授的连系与麻省理工学院的教授们提供了高阶的实用性。
对于其他考虑建立自己的“开放式课程”的机构，还有几种开放原始码的CMS可以选择。在此时，麻省理工开放式课程正注意着6个产品：Zope, Red Hat, Midgard, OpenACS, OpenCMS, 及 Bricolage。大部份的专家同意，到2004年止，其中一个产品将会明确地成为在开放原始码中的品牌领导者。麻省理工开放式课程在这加速成熟的期间，也会对于关键的开放原始码的CMS厂商们的进度加以追踪。这也使得我们能将对CMS的经验与了解分享给其他的机构。希望使用开放原始码的CMS产品能降低其他机构在建立“开放式课程”的成本。
4. 一个常见的问题
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问：麻省理工开放式课程在秋天开放到500门课程后是否仍维持其免费与开放？
答：麻省理开放式课程网站对来自世界各地的使用者均是免费，随着我们持续地成长与进步，教材仍将是免费并开放给所有人。
除了对知识的开放分享的承诺之外，麻省理工学院也坚持着这样的理念，麻省理开放式课程计划不是远距教学、或授予学位的行动，从今而后，使用者也不需要注册程序就可以浏览课程教材。
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The MIT OpenCourseWare Update: June 2003
A Monthly E-mail Newsletter for Users
and Friends of MIT OpenCourseWare
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The June 2003 MIT OpenCourseWare Update Contains:
1. Upcoming MIT OCW Presentations
2. Digging Deeper: Course 7.033.
3. Technology Tip of the Month
4. A Frequently Asked Question
1. Upcoming MIT OCW Presentations
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Educators and learners interested in finding out more
about MIT OCW are encouraged to attend several
upcoming educational and information technology
conferences.
On Monday, July 28, Jon Paul Potts, the MIT OCW
Communications Manager, will speak at the Syllabus
Conference at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif.
For more information on Syllabus 2003:
http://www.syllabus.com/summer2003/cag.asp
In November, MIT OCW staff will appear at two events
in Southern California: the Western Cooperative for
Educational Telecommunications (WCET) 15th annual
conference in San Diego, and at EDUCAUSE 2003 in
Anaheim, Calif. On Wednesday, Nov. 5, Potts will discuss
the MIT faculty experience during the publication of 500
courses at the WCET Conference, to be held at the Hyatt
Regency Islandia in San Diego:
http://conference.wcet.info/
And at EDUCAUSE 2003, MIT OCW staff will be available
as a poster session presenter on Wednesday, Nov. 5,
and Thursday, Nov. 6, at the Anaheim Convention Center
in Anaheim, Calif. Visit the EDUCAUSE Web site for more
information:
http://www.educause.edu/conference/annual/2003/
For educators and self-learners in Africa and Asia, MIT OCW
OCW will participate in ICOOL (International Conference on
Open and Online Learning) at the University of Mauritius,
set for Dec. 7-13, 2003. For more information on ICOOL:
http://vcampus.uom.ac.mu/icool2003/user/index.php
2. Digging Deeper: Course 7.03
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Each month, this newsletter offers subscribers an in-depth
guide to one particular subject. This month, we delve into
"Course 7.03: Genetics." This course, from MIT Professors
Chris Kaiser and David Page of MIT's Biology Department in
the School of Science, offers users a study of the principles
of genetics with application to the study of biological function
at the level of molecules, cells, and multicellular organisms,
including humans. Lecture notes address the structure and
function of genes, chromosomes, and genomes. It also explores
population genetics, and the use of genetic methods to analyze
protein function, gene regulation, and inherited disease.
The MIT OCW course site for this fundamental genetics course
includes a complete of 36 Lecture Notes in PDF format, covering
diverse topics such as "Mendelian Genetics," "Chromosomes and
Sex Linkage," and "Mutations and Suppressors":
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/LectureNotes/index.htm
Course 7.03 offers a set of seven complex Problem Sets and
Solutions, including the following exercise: "You set out to
genetically map color blindness with respect to SSR markers.
Color blindness shows X-linked recessive inheritance and therefore
is usually found in males. However, the mutant allele frequency is
sufficiently high that colorblind females do occurŠ" These are the
same Problem Sets that MIT students have tested themselves on
in past semesters:
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/Assignments/index.htm
The course also offers MIT OCW users "The 7.03 Bible," a set of
detailed study guides, problem sets, and exams from 1993
through 2001:
http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03GeneticsFall2001/StudyMaterials/index.htm
3. Technology Tip of the Month
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Many recipients of "The MIT OpenCourseWare Update" email
newsletter have asked us what content management system
(CMS) we have implemented for the publication of 500 courses
and beyond this fall.
For the pilot phase, the Web pages of the MIT OCW site were
built by what Cecilia d'Oliveira, MIT OCW's Technology Director,
called "brute-force HTML." Utilizing Web content editors such as
DreamWeaver, a team of programmers from MIT and the Sapient
Corp., a business and development consulting firm, designed
and built the first 32 subjects. However, that model was not
scalable for 500 courses - or 2,000 - and so MIT OCW has
implemented CMS in order to achieve MIT OCW's long-term
publishing goals.
MIT OCW senior management, working with the Sapient Corp.,
developed a short-list of vendors, and the individual vendors
gave presentations to the team. In the end, MIT OCW selected
a commercial CMS, Microsoft Content Management System 2002.
The reasons for the choice of Microsoft 2002 were manifold:
Microsoft made a serious commitment to the MIT OCW project,
the total cost of ownership of Microsoft CMS 2002 was
significantly lower than the other vendors in consideration,
and the Microsoft product offered a high-level of usability for
the end-users, MIT OCW's faculty liaisons and MIT's faculty.
For other institutions considering implementing their own
"opencourseware" there are several open-source CMS options.
At this point, MIT OCW is monitoring six: Zope, Red Hat, Midgard,
OpenACS, OpenCMS, and Bricolage. By 2004, most experts agree
that one CMS provider will become the clear, open source leader
in this industry sector. MIT OCW will track the progress of key
open-source CMS providers during this accelerated maturation.
This will contribute to MIT being able to share its experience and
understanding of these CMS options with other institutions. The
hope is that utilization of open-source model CMS products could
lead to less expensive implementations of "opencoursewares"
at other institutions.
4. A Frequently Asked Question
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Q: Will MIT OCW still be free and open when you publish 500
courses in the fall?
A: MIT OCW is available on the Web, free of charge, to any user
anywhere in the world. As we continue to grow and evolve, the
materials will always remain free and open to all.
Along with this commitment to the open sharing of knowledge, MIT
is committed to the idea that MIT OCW is not a distance-learning,
or a degree-granting, initiative, and that there will not be a
registration process required for users to view course materials
now or in the future.
