学期内，学生根据分派的阅读材料需要完成两个课堂演讲
Students make two class presentations during semester, based on the assigned readings.

小型研究计划和演讲
Mini-Proposal and Presentation

学生需要写5页纸的关于如何开展实验的小型研究计划，既可以是检验新理论的，也可以是驳斥旧已被认可的范例。
Students write a 5-page mini-proposal on how to perform an experiment to either test a new theory or disprove an old, accepted paradigm.

在课堂上介绍研究计划。学生必须准备对其思路进行辩护，并对为何他们的方法可以工作开展讨论。
The proposals are presented in class. Students must be prepared to defend their ideas and make an argument for why they think their approach would work.