麻省理工学院“开放式课程网页” | 建筑学 | 4.615 2002春季课程：开罗的建筑

这门课程有广泛且有详尽插图的课堂讲稿，描绘了从亚历山大时代到二十世纪的开罗。课程根据主要的历史年代进行组织，同时在课程讲稿中提供词汇表。

This class includes extensive and heavily illustrated lecture notes covering Cairo from the time of Alexander until the twentieth century. They are organized by major historical periods. This class also includes a glossary of terms found in the lecture notes.

开罗是最典型的伊斯兰城市。于634年在尼罗河三角洲洲头的战略重地建城。它从一座伊斯兰的军事前哨逐渐演变为在十世纪到十二世纪盛极一时且野心勃勃的法蒂玛王朝首都。然而它最辉煌的年代还是马穆鲁克时期（1250年—1517年），在这一阶段，开罗被公认为复苏的伊斯兰教的中心，同时成为后世伊斯兰城市中建筑形象上具有标志性的城市。
Cairo is the quintessential Islamic city. Founded in 634 at the strategic head of the Nile Delta, the city evolved from an Islamic military outpost to the seat of the ambitious Fatimid caliphate which flourished between the 10th and 12th century. Its most spectacular age, however, was the Mamluk period (1250-1517), when it became the uncontested center of a resurgent Islam and acquired an architectural character that symbolized the image of the Islamic city for centuries to come.

作为政治和经济文化中心，今天的开罗在阿拉伯世界、非洲和伊斯兰世界中依然熠熠生辉。而且开罗的许多纪念碑（1951年开罗勘定注册了456处伊斯兰纪念碑）依然伫立着，虽然这些纪念碑在世界建筑界中依然有着太多的未知之谜，而它们的数量正在以令人担忧的速度与日递减。
Cairo today still shines as a cultural and political center in its three spheres of influence: the Arab world, Africa, and the Islamic world. Moreover, many of its monuments (456 registered by the 1951 Survey of the Islamic Monuments of Cairo) still stand, although they remain largely unknown to the world’s architectural community and their numbers are dwindling at an exceedingly alarming pace.