上交日期：最后一堂课
Due On: Last Lecture

• 在实际操作中，提供一个运用课堂（课程编号16.881）上所学技巧的机会。
  Provide an opportunity to practice the skills acquired in 16.881 in a real world context.
• 加深学员对稳健设计中深入课题的理解
  Deepen your understanding of advanced topics in robust design.
• 为学员的公司创造价值
  Create value for your company.
  

注：1-5与家庭作业#1相关
Note: Steps 1-5 are related to Homework #1.

1. 1-5个本课程学员（课程代号：16.881）组成团队。项目完成的内容应和组员的人数成比例。如果可能，建议团队由同公司的学员组成。
   Form a team comprised of from one to five 16.881 students. The expected accomplishments of the team scale linearly with the number of students. I suggest you build teams with members of your own company if possible.
2. 选择一个研究对象。为求最大效果，学员应选择自己公司设计，操作，或管理的系统为研究对象。最好是对该系统有一定程度的控制权，这样学员就可以在夏末返回工作岗位的时候做一些实验。最好有高级管理层的支持，这样更容易获得数据。
   Select a system for investigation. For maximum impact, select a system that your company is responsible for designing, operating, or managing. You should have some degree of control over the system so that you can perform experiments when you return to work later this summer. Senior management support for the investigation of the system is highly desirable as it will facilitate access for data collection.
3. 仔细定义系统的功能。系统功能尽可能有量化指标。
   Carefully define the function of the system. This function should have a quantitative definition insofar as possible.
4. 描述一个不希望发生的系统功能波动。这里，“波动”指的是在表面上看起来相同的条件下重复实验，系统功能所表现出的变化。波动可以来自于时间变化，可以存在于不同的设备，或同一设备内。
   Describe an undesirable variation in this function. By "variation," I mean a change in the function of the system upon repeated trials under ostensibly equal conditions. The variation can be over time, from unit to unit, or within a unit.
5. 调查并量化系统功能波动带来的经济损失。
   Investigate and quantify the economic consequences of the variation in this function.
6. 定义一个合适的并要优化的功能指标。
   Define an appropriate objective function to be optimized.
7. 通过系统设计，参数设计和容差设计改善系统的功能指标。
   Improve the objective function through system design, parameter design, and tolerance design.
8. 通过实验来确认和量化稳健设计带来的技术和经济方面的进步。
   Experimentally confirm and quantify the improvement in engineering and economic terms.

1. 1-5个本课程学员（课程代号：16.881）组成团队。项目完成的内容应和组员的人数要成比例。
   Form a team comprised of from one to five 16.881 students. The expected accomplishments of the team scalelinearly with the number of students.
2. 在稳健设计中，选择一个深入的主题进行研究。这些主题可以是：
   Select an advanced topic related to Robust Design for investigation. Some possible topics include:
   • 用工程实验的方法进行多元特性变量优化
     Multi-attribute optimization via experimental techniques.

   • 稳健设计与其它设计方法的关系（如公理化设计，六西格玛可生产性分析）
     Relationship of Robust Design to other disciplines like Axiomatic Design or Six Sigma Producibility Analysis.
   • 稳健设计在可靠性工程中的应用
     Reliability engineering using Robust Design.
     
     
3. 研读与这个主题有关的文献
   Study the existing literature on the topic
4. 提出新见解：
   Make an original contribution by:
   • 拓展在文献中发现的分析方法
     Extending the analytical or methodological approaches you found in the literature.
   • 比较两种或多种分析法
     Comparing two or more analytical approaches.
   • 把该深入主题应用到系统中（通过实验或仿真）
     Applying an advanced topic to a system (experimentally or via simulation).

• 将结果写成完整简明的书面报告（每个组员不超过20页）
  A complete but concise written report of your results (no more than twenty pages per team member).
• 简要地口头报告所完成的结果
  A brief oral report of your results (no more than five minutes per team member).
  

课程实践的评分占全课程的40%。书面报告占整个课程实践大部分分数（75%），口头报告占25%。书面和口头报告的评分依据：
The term project will determine 40% of your grade in the course. The written report will determine the majority of the overall term project grade (75%) although the oral report is also significant (25%). The grades on the written and oral reports will be based on the following factors:

• （25%）结果的重要性和影响
  (25%) Significance or impact of the results.
• （50%）实验计划和数据分析的质量
  (50%) Quality of the experimental plan and data analysis.
• （25%）技术说明条理清晰
  (25%) Clarity of technical exposition.